Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Numbers
meth- one eth- two prop- three but- four pent- five hex- six
Hydrocarbons
Alkanes- Single Bonded Carbons
Alkenes- Double Bonded Carbons
Alkynes- Triple Bonded Carbons
Alchohol
OH bonded with a Carbon
Ends in -ol
Organic Acids
Carboxyl group (COOH) bonded to carbon Ends in -ic acid
Halides
Halogen bonded to Carbon
Amine
NH2 bonded to Carbon
Start with amino
Aldehyde
(CO) bonded to Hydrogen
- Ends in Aldehyde/al
Ketone
CO bonded to a non hydrogen
ends in -one
Ether
Oxygen serves as connecter
ends in ether
Ester
COO serves as a link
ends in ate
Isomer
Having the same molecular formula but with different arrangements
Addition
A carbon carbon double bond is broken into a single bond
Substitution
One Atom or group in a compound is replaced with another group or compound
Polymerization
Two Smaller compounds are joined to form a larger third compound
Cracking
Larger compound is broken into smaller compounds
Oxidation
Combustion
Esterification
organic acid reacts with alcohol to form ester and water
Fermentation
An organic compound reacts in the absence of oxygen to produce an alcohol and carbon dioxide
Lipids
Made up of C, H, and O in long branching chains Ex. Fats/Oils
Triglycerides- Three long fatty acid chains
Not soluble in water, tend to form droplets when in water
Nucleic Acids
Contain C, H, O, N, P
Make up DNA and RNA- genetic material for all living things
Proteins
Made up of amino acid compounds
Amphoteric
Polypeptides
Chains of linked amino acids
Make up proteins when folded up
Enzymes
Biological catalysts that speed up the rate of cellular reactions
Carbohydrates/Sugars
Contain C, O, H
Can be straight chained or branched
Enzymes
Biological catalysts that seed up the rate of cellular reactions
