Atomic Structure Flashcards
Hunds Rule
Electrons will fill up empty orbitals if they are available
Aufbau Principle
Electrons fill up shells and sub shells in order of increasing energy
Dalton
- Was the first person to say that there were different type of atoms called elements
- Knew that atoms combined to form compounds in the same ratio
- Atoms are not created nor destroyed
Robert Milkman
Calculated the charge of electrons by observing charged oil drops in an electrical field
Neils Bohr
Said that electrons rotate the nucleus about fixed radii
Max Planck
- Said that electromagnetic energy was quantized
- Came up with the quantum theory that stated energy doesn’t increase smoothly but in small specific steps
JJ Thompson
- Observed deflections in cathode ray
- Found that there were positive and negative charges in an atom and believed in the plum pudding model
Henry Rutherford
- Shot alpha particles at a gold foil and found that they bounce back
- Found that there was all the positive charges were in the middle in the nucleus, and they were surrounded by small negative particles
Pauli Exclusion Principle
States that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same quantum numbers
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
One cannot know both the momentum and the position at a particular instant
Diamagnetic
When all electron spins are paired
Paramagnetic
When all electron spins are not paired
Energy of an Electron Formula
ΔE= -2.178E-18/n^2
Energy and Electromagnetic Radiation Formula
ΔE=hv=hc/λ
De Broglie Equation
λ=h/mv
