Organic chemistry

Question 1

Organic compounds

Answer 1

compounds having one or more carbon atoms covalently bonded to other atoms (especially H)

Question 2

Structural formula

Answer 2

shows how the atoms are bonded together using lines between atoms

Question 3

molecular formula

Answer 3

the number of each type of atom in the molecule

Question 4

functional group

Answer 4

the atom or group of atoms that influences the chemical properties of the compound.

Question 5

Alkanes

Answer 5

have single C bonds

Question 6

alkenes

Answer 6

double C bonds

Question 7

Alkynes

Answer 7

triple C bond

Question 8

hydrocarbons

Answer 8

contain only C and H atoms joined by covalent bonds

Question 9

saturated

Answer 9

no more H atoms can be added to the molecules (alkanes)

Question 10

unsaturated

Answer 10

more H atoms can be added to the molecules when the c=c or triple C bonds are broken (alkene, alkyne)

Question 11

Haloalkanes

Answer 11

have a halogen atom on an alkane parent chain

Question 12

alcohol

Answer 12

have an -OH group attached to a C chain

Question 13

carboxylic acid

Answer 13

have a =O and -OH group in the molecule

Question 14

Amines

Answer 14

have a -NH2 group attached to a C chain

Question 15

homologous series

Answer 15

a family of organic compounds where each successive member of the series differs by an additional -CH2 unit

Question 16

order of carbons prefix

Answer 16

meth-,eth-,prop-,but-,pent-,hex-,hept, oct-

Question 17

position of functional group on parent chain

Answer 17

C atoms are numbered starting from the end closest to the functional group.

Question 18

prefixes for haloalkanes

Answer 18

-br (bromo), -Cl (chloro), -F (fluoro), -I (iodo)