Organi Synthesisc

Question 1

Gringard reagent formula

Answer 1

RMgX
X = halogen
R = alkyl/aryl

Question 2

How are grignard reagents formed

Answer 2

Haloalkane + Mg
Reflux
Dry ether

Question 3

Grignard reagent reaction with water

Answer 3

Makes an alkane
+ Inorganic basic bromide product (Mg(OH)Br)

Question 4

Grignard reagent reaction with CO2

Answer 4

2 step process
Dry CO2 bubbled through Grignard/dry ether solution
Hydrolysed by dilute H2SO4/HCl
Makes a CA with + C from original Grignard chain
C-Mg and CO2 bond
C=O breaks —> COO- —> Protonated

Question 5

Grignard reagent reaction with carbonyls

Answer 5

Methanal —> P alc
Aldehydes —> S alc
Ketones —> T alc
2 step process
Carbonyl added to Grignard + dry ether solution
Hydrolysed by dilute H2SO4/HCl

Question 6

Empirical and molecular formula from combustion data 6 step process

Answer 6

Write equation and assign mass
Calculate mass proportion of C in CO2
Calculate mass proportion of H in H2O
Check 2 + 3 = 1 (if not O/N is present)
Calculate moles of C, H, (O/N)
Calculate ratio