Organelles Flashcards
1
Q
Nuclear pores
A
- pores are lined with proteins
- located where inner membrane curls to become outer membrane
- allows the movement of proteins and RNA’s to move in and out of the cell
2
Q
Structure and function of endoplasmic reticulum
A
- consists of membrane cisternae (tubes going throughout cytoplasm that is constantly moving and changing)
- Smooth: mostly involved in production of lipids and hormones
- rough (closer to nucleus): involved in synthesis of proteins
- also involved in the transport of synthesised proteins to Golgi Apparatus
3
Q
major functions of the intracellular membranes
A
- provide a surface for biochemical reactions
- establishes compartments within the cell allowing cell to do multiple things at once
- provide for transport of materials within the cell
4
Q
What is the Golgi complex and its function?
A
- stacks of flattened membranes
- extensions of the ER
- collection, packaging and distribution of molecules
- manufacture almost all polysaccharides in the cell
5
Q
function of polysaccharides on proteins
A
help distinguish between cells that are self and non- self
6
Q
What are functions of the cytoskeleton?
A
- NOT composed of the membrane
- form of scaffolding or as structural elements within cytoplasm
- maintains cell shape
- involved in cell movements
7
Q
What are the major elements of the cytoskeleton?
A
- actin filaments
- microtubules
- intermediate filaments - predominantly static (does not move as much).
8
Q
Actin filaments
A
- interact with myosin motors
- responsible for muscle contractions and cytoplasmic streaming
- allows chloroplasts to move
9
Q
microtubules
A
- interacts with kinesin or dynein motors
- dynein can slide one microtubule against another
- when two microtubules slide against each other, they bend allowing cell to move
10
Q
what are kinesin
A
kinesin is a protein that interacts with microtubules
- they move vesicles along the microtubules
