ILT Blood Flashcards
Lymphoid lineage
Primary composed of T-cells and B-cells
Myeloid Lineage
Red blood cells and leucocyte derivatives which include macrophages
Leucocytes
White blood cells
• Defends the body against infection and help repair damaged tissue
• include B and T cells, basophils, macrophages, neutrophils etc.
Lymphocytes
- B cells - antibody production
* T-cells - Release cytokines to coordinate the immune system and antibody production
Monocytes and macrophages
Phagocytose cellular debris and bacteria
Basophils
Defend against parasites
- also coordinates inflammatory and immune responses
Neutrophils
Phagocytose cellular debris and bacteria.
- elevated during an inflammatory response
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
carry oxygen and nutrient around the body
Thrombocytes
Platelets: Involved in tissue repair and clotting blood, preventing us from bleeding to death
What two circumstances may result in elevated levels of neutrophils and lymphocytes?
Inflammation/and or infection
What is haematopoiesis?
The process where blood arises from haematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow
Where is bone marrow found?
- clavicle, femur, sternum, pelvis, ribs, vertebrae
* Haematopoiesis can also occur in this bone marrow
What is red marrow?
- Active during haematopoiesis
- consists of red blood cell precursors
- network of specialist cells that make collage to provide support for developing and differentiating blood cells
- richly vascularised - supply oxygen, nutrients and transport waste
What is yellow marrow?
- consists of fat cells
* mainly inactive and thought to act as as an energy source during haematopoiesis
What are the features of a red blood cell?
• No nucleus
• circular
• flexible
• biconcave discs - gets 20-30% greater surface area than a sphere
- able to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide more efficiently
