Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 1 > ORG: Sulfonamides > Flashcards

ORG: Sulfonamides Flashcards

1
Q

Domagk discovered this dye with antibacterial properties

A

Prontosil dye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

First synthetic antibacterial agent acting on wide range of infections

A

Sulfanilamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

First sulfonamide synthesized to combat pneumonia

A

Sulfapyridine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Precursors of dihydrofolic acid

A

PABA
Glutamate
Pteridine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

MOA of Sulfonamides

A

Act as synthetic analogue of PABA and compete with substrate Dihydropteroate synthetase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Old name of folic acid

A

Pteroyl-glutamic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Spectrum of activity of sulfonamides

A 
All gram (+) Cocci
All gram (+) Bacilli
Nearly all gram (-) cocci and enterobacteriaceae
Malaria
Nocardia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Preferred drug for acute toxoplasmosis

A

Sulfadiazine + Pyrimethamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Given to patients undergoing sulfonamide treatment to prevent bone marrow suppression

A

Folinic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Organism resistant to one sulfonamide is resistant to all (T/F)

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Resistance to sulfonamides may be due to:

A
  1. ) Increase PABA production
  2. ) Altered dihyropteroate synthetase
  3. ) Reduced permeability to sulfonamides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Site of absorption (Sulfonamides)

A

Small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Absorption is increased for sulfonamides when what part of molecule is free

A

Para-amino group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Indication: Sulfasalazine

A

Chron’s Disease or Ulcerative Colitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ind: Pthalylsulfacetamide

A

Ulcerative colitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sulfasalazine is split by local intestinal flora to

A
  1. ) Sulfapyridine

2. ) 5-aminosalicylate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sulfonamides are not usually applied topically. Why?

A

Sensitization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Silver sulfadiazine is preferred over mafenide. Why?

A

Mafenide produces pain on application

19
Q

S/E of Mefenide acetate

A

Absorbed thru burns thus causing acid base imbalance

20
Q

Sulfonamide distribution is through

A

Binding with serum albumin

21
Q

Sulfonamides cannot penetrate the CSF. (T/F)

A

False. They can penetrate the CSF, placental barrier and enter fetal tissues

22
Q

Metabolism of sulfonamide

A

N-Acetylation

23
Q

Excretion of sulfonamides

A

Glomerular filtration. May also be excreted in breast milk

24
Q

Adverse effects of sulfonamides

A

Crystalluria, Hypersensitivity reactions, Kernicterus, Hemopoietic disturbances, Drug potentiation

25
Q

Mgt of crystalluria caused by sulfonamides

A

Adequate hydration and alkalinization of urine with sodium bicarbonate

26
Q

S/E commonly encountered in long acting sulfonamide

A

Rashes

27
Q

Hypersensitivity reactions have higher incidence with what sulfonamide drug

A

Sulfapyridine

28
Q

Hemolytic anemia is a side effect of sulfonamide when given to newborns with what condition

A

G6PD

29
Q

Kernicterus is observed in sulfonamide treatment. Why?

A

Displacement of bilirubin from serum albumin

30
Q

Sulfonamide potentiates warfarin and methotrexate. Why?

A

Displacement from serum albumin

31
Q

Contraindications of sulfonamides

A

Newborns
Infants less than 2 months
Pregnant women at term

32
Q

Drug contraindicated with sulfonamides

A

Methenamine

33
Q

Why is sulfonamide contraindicated with methenamine

A

Sulfonamide condenses with formaldehyde

34
Q

Sulfonamides are given with what drugs, in the treatment of otitis media

A

Penicillins or Erythromycin

35
Q

Sulfonamides are given during meningococcal infections, but what is the DOC

A

Pen G

36
Q

Sulfonamide used for trachoma infections and inclusion conjunctivites

A

Sulfacetamide

37
Q

Sulfonamides are generally incompatible with

A

Acidic drugs and precipitable amines.

38
Q

Sulfacetamide is given with what drugs, for vaginitis caused by Haemophilus vaginalis

A

Sulfabenzamide and Sulfathiazole

39
Q

Sulfonamide of choice for CNS Infections

A

Sulfadiazine

40
Q

Sulfonamide for chloroquine resistant Falciparum malaria

A

Sulfadoxine + Pyrimethamine

41
Q

Most used sulfonamide

A

Sulfamethoxazole

42
Q

Sulfonamide best suited for treatment of UTIs

A

Sulfamethoxazole

43
Q

Treatment or prophylaxis of choice for Pneumonitis caused by P.carinii and Enterocolitis by Isospora

A

Co-trimoxazole

Module 1 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions