Org Ana: GI Tract and Organs Flashcards
where does the esophagus enter the abdomen
right crus of diaphragm
describe the structure of esophagus
muscular collapsible tube
10 inches long
arterial supp of esophagus
left gastric artery
venous supp of esophagus
left gastric vein
lymph supp of esophagus
flows to left gastric nodes
nerve supp of esophagus
left gastric nerves
ant and post gastric - vagi
symph branch of symph trunk ng thoracic
function of esophagus
conduction of food from pharynx to stomach gamit peristalsis and gravity
structure to bypass before entering stomach
gastroesophageal sphincter
structure of gastroesophageal sphincter
circular layer of smooth muscle - physiologic sphincter
function of gastroesophageal sphincter
prevent reflux of stomach contents kase yung components ng chime like acid pwede ma damge yung mucosa
closure and tightness of gastroesophageal sphincter is controlled by
vagus nerve and gastrin
reduces closure of gastroesophageal sphincter
secretin, glucagon, cholycystokinin
dilated portion of alimentary canal
stomach
function of stomach
stores food
turns into chyme
delivers to small intestine
what are rugal folds of stomach
increases surface area for mincing and digestion
where esophagus enters stomach
cardiac orifice - dito din gastroesophageal sphincter
where stomach becomes duodenum
pyloric orifice - dito pyloric sphincter
fucntion of pyloric sphincter
control discharge of gastric contents into duodenum
loc of lesser curvature
right border of stomach
cardiac orifice to pylorus
loc of greater curvature
left border of stomach
transverse colon banda until pylorus
what is fundus
dome shaped and projects upward
most sup part
what is body of stomach
from cardiac orifice to incisura angularis
what is incisura angularis
notch in lower part of lesser curvature
region that connects stomach to duodenum
pylorus
what is pyloric antrum
from incisura angularis to pylorus
last before before leaving sa pyloric canal
what is pyloric canal
leads to duodenum
describe longitudinal fibers of stomach
most superficial tas along the curves sha
describe circular fibers of stomach
encricles the body pero pinaka thick sa pylorus
describe oblique fibers of stomach
innermost and loops over fundus and go down ant and post wall
main source arteries
celiac trunk
blood supp of lower third ng esophagus and upper right stomach
left gastric artery
supplies lesser curvature, upper pylorus, lower right ng stomach
right gastric artery
supplies fundus
shirt gastric
supplies greater curvature
upper - left gstroepiploic
lower - right gastroepiploic
venous drainage of stomach
portal circulation
where does R and L gastric drain to
portal vein
where does short gastric and L gastroepiploic drain to
splenic vein
where does R gastroepiploic drain to
superior mesentery vein
nerve supp of stomach
anterior vagal from left vagus
post vagal from right vagus
longest part of alimentary canal
small intestine
location of small intestine
pylorus to iliocecal junction; demarcated by valve
where is the duodenum found
epigastric and umbilical regions
why is the 4 parts of duodenum important
bc it recieves opening from bile and pancreatic ducts tas yung secretions at juices nila
loc of first part of duodenum
upwawrd and backward on transpyloric plane
begins at pylorus ab 2 in; L1
loc of second part of duodenum
from hila ng right kidney pababa L2 and L3 kung san bile duct and main pancreatic duct pierce the duodenal wall
what is ampulla of vater
sphincter that controls opening ng pancreatic duct at bile duct
exit point ng ducts
another name for pancreatic duct
duct of wirsung
what opens for accessory pancreatic duct
minor duodenal pappila aka DUCT OF SANTORINI
loc of third part of duodenum
horiztontal at L3, papunta to L of subcostal
loc of fourth part of duodenum
punta upward and to the left of duodenojejunal flexure
what holds the fourth part of duodenum
ligament of treitz
arterial supp of duodenum
upper part - superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
lower part - infrerior pancreaticoduodenal artery
venous supp of duodenum
sup PDV - portal vein
inf PDV - sup mesenteric vein
compare the size of jejunum and ileum
around 20 ft together
upper 2/5 - jejunum
lower 3/5- ileum
MAS MALAKI ILEUM
what are plicae
fingerlike villi that lines the small intestines that increase absorptive capcity
function of small intestines
carbs, fat and protein digestion
folds and villi - efficient
what does plicae contain
network of cappilaries that surround special lymp kknown as LACTEAL
loc of large intestine
ravels from left to right; from iluem to anus
INVERTED U
function of large intestine
reabsorption of water and electrolytes
storage of feces
what are haustrations
gives the segmented appearance; longganisa like
UNIQUE TO LARGE INTESTINES
function of peristalsis in large intestines
drives feces from posteriorly or inferiorly para from rectum to anus
composition of cecum
longitudinal muscles called TENAIE COLI that converse at base of appendix
CAVERNOUS - OFTEN DISTENDED WITH GAS
name of longitudinal muscles of cecum
tenaie coli
explain the relation of diseases in cecum
tumors can grow tas wala symptoms kase huge capacity ng cecum
problems at RIGHT side usually discovered late
structure of ileocecal valve
2 horizontal folds of mucous membrane; sa orifice ng ileum
CIRCULAR MUSCLE AT LOWER END OF ILEUM
what controls relaxation of ileocecal valce
gastrin galing sa stomach
structure of appendix
lymphoid tissue; varies in length
what is the own mesentery of appendix
mesoappendix
artery of appendix
appendicular artery from CECAL artery
loc of ascending colon
RLQ
artery of ascending colon
ileocolic and right colic of superior mesenteric
loc of transverse colon
umbilical tas at LEFT COLIC FLEXURE below spleen tas mag DESCEND
blood sup of transverse
left colic artery
loc of descending colon
left and upper lower quadrants
downward from left colic tas continous w sigmoid
function of peritoneum in descending colon
covers front and sides and binds it posterior abdominal abdominal wall
blood supp of descending colon
left colic and sigmoid branches from INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY
blood supp of descending colon
left colic and sigmoid branches from INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY
jejunum or ilieum
coiled in upper part of cavity below mesocolon
jejunum
jejunum or ilieum
lies in lower part of cavity in pelvis
ileum
jejunum or ilieum
wider, thicker wall and redder
jejunum
jejunum or ilieum
narrower thinner wall and pale
ileum
jejunum or ilieum
larger more numerous plica tas closely set
jejunum
jejunum or ilieum
smaller widely spaced plica
ileum
jejunum or ilieum
mesentery is attached above and left ng aorta
jejunum
jejunum or ilieum
mesentery is attached below and right ng aorta
ileum
jejunum or ilieum
mesentery from one or 2 arcades
jejunum
jejunum or ilieum
mesentery from 3 or more arcades
ileum
jejunum or ilieum
has peyer’s patches
ileum
jejunum or ilieum
fat deposits near root sa end ng mesentery and less sa intestinal wall
jejunum
jejunum or ilieum
fat deposited throughout from root until intestinal wall
ileum
function peyer’s patches
enlarged in intestinal infections
enteric/typhoid fever will stimulate defense mechanism against bacteria
