Org Ana: Abdominal Cavity Flashcards
what quadrant can the liver be found
RUQ
where can the liver be palpated
1-3: 1-2 fingers below right costal margin
adults: felt but sa thin lng 2 finger below R costal margin; best during inspiration
where is the galbladder located
under R lobe of liver
where is the fundus of the galbladder found
tip of 9th CC
how is inflammation localized in galbladder
in certain maneuvers galbladder can be inflamed edi ma rreffer mo na that the problem is sa galbladder
what quadrant is the spleen located
LUQ; betw stomach and diaphragm; lies along 10th rib
covered by ribs 9-11
how is the spleen palpated
if felt; enlarged na or SPLENOMEGALY
what is the location of the head of pancreas
below and right of transpyloric plane; sa C loop ng duodenum
what is the location of the neck of pancreas
on transpyloric plane
what is the location of the tail of pancreas
above and left of transpyloric plane
where is the kidney found
posterior abdominal wall; T12-L3
describe the path of ureters
runs vertically down from kidney to psoas
which kidney is higher
L is higher bc of liver
where is can the hilum of kidney be found
on transpyloric opposite L1
what are adrenal glands
found on top of kideys
at what level does the esophagus pierce the diaphragm
T10 SA LEFT SIDE
where does esophagus enter the stonach
.5 inch on R of stomach; behind L lobe liver
what is GE junction
gastroesophageal - betw esophagus and stomach
where is the stomach ;pcated
LUQ
epigastric and umbilical
where can the GE junction be found
3 fingers below left of xiphisternal junction
where is the pylorus of the stomach
sa transpyloric plane R ng midline
becomes small intestine
what are 3 divisions of the small intestine
duodenum. jejunum and ileum
what region is the duodenum
epigastric and umbilical; post
what is the duodenum
c shape around pancreas to connect stomach to small intestine
where is the jejunum located
upper left part
where is the ileum located
lower right part
describe the ileum
connects to the cecum near appendix
where is the cecum located
RLG, right iliac region
what is the ileocecal valve
junction betw small and large intestine
prevents reflux of contents
where is the appendix located
RLQ; at mcburney 1/3 from ASIS to umbilicus
desrcibe the path of the ascending colon
upward from cecum laterally sa right side
tas mag bend papuntang left sa right hepatic flexure gang liver - MAGING TRANSVERSE
desrcibe the path of the transverse colon
nasa UMBILICUS; u shaped from right to left hepatic flexure
desrcibe the path of the descending colon
left costal margin on lateral left downwards
sa LUQ curves sha medially nd becomes sigmoid colon
where is the descending colon located
LUQ AND LLQ
where is the sigmoid colon located
starts sa pelvic inlet tas S SHAPED until rectum in front ng sacrum
how to palpate for urinary bladder
ask patient to drink a lot of water para madali i palpate
where does the aorta bifurcate in to R and L common iliac
sa L4 sa intercristal plane
where is the external iliac artery
passes under inguinal lig tas maging femoral artery
halfway bet ASIS and symphysis pubis
what is the peritoneum
baloon like yung touch s fist visceral tas all is parietal
what are the functions of peritoneum
lubricant
serves as alarm signals mag ka symptoms pag may bacterial invasion
contains organs if mag rupture
seals off infection para localized lang
means of conveying bv, lymph and nerves to organs
fat stored in ligaments and mesenteries
ano na ffeel sa parietal peritoneum
pain, temp, touch and pressure; VV sensitive
ano na ffeel sa visceral peritoneum
stretch and tear lang; LESS SENSITIVE
nerve supply of parietal peritoneum surrounding anterior abdominal wall
lower 6 thoracic and 1st lumbar
nerve supply of parietal peritoneum in central area ng diaphragmatic peritoneum
phrenic nerve
nerve supply of parietal peritoneum in peripheral diaphragmatic peritoneum
lower 6 thoracic nerve
nerve supply of parietal peritoneum in pelvis
obturator galing lumbar plexus
nerve supply of visceral peritoneum
symp and para smyph; involuntary
what is the peritoneal cavity
space s gitna ng parietal nd visceral; LARGEST CAVITY IN THE BODY
may fluid s gitna
where is the greater sac of PC
diaphragm to pelvis; MAIN
where is the lesser sac of PC
behind stomach; SMALLER
what is the epiploic foramen
ONLY communication ng greater at lesser sac
FORAMEN OF WINSLOW
what is the function of peritoneal fluid
contains leukocytes seals of infection
MOBILITY and lubrication
what does intraperitoneal mean
totally covered w visceral
intraperitoneal organs
stomach
spleen
jejunum
ilem
what does retroperitoneal mean
organs behind peritoneum and partiall covered w visceral
what is primary retroperitoneal
developed sa likod ng peritoneum and stayed there; FIXED
what is secondary retroperitoneal
rotates during development; NOT FIXED
organs that are primary retroperitoneal in urinary system
kidney
adrenal
ureter
bladder
organs that are primary retroperitoneal in circulatory system
aorta and IVC
organs that are primary retroperitoneal in digestive system
lower esophagus
lower third of rectum
organs that are secondary retroperitoneal
head, neck and body ng pancreas sa post EXCEPT TAIL
duodemum EXCEPT PROXIMAL FIRST SEGMENT
what is the function of peritoneal ligs, omenta and mesentery
suspends organs
conveys bv, nerves and lymph
fats are stored sa peri lig at mesentery
what is the peri lig
2 layer fold of peri
connects LIVER to wall
what are the peri ligs of liver
falciform - sickle shaped anterior part
coronary - inferior surface to diaphragm
r and l triangular
what is omenta
2 layer fold of peri
connects STOMACH to other organs
what is greater omentum
connects greater curv of stomach totransverse colon; GASTROCOLIC
what is lesser omentum
lesser curv to undersurface of liver; GASTROHEPATIC
what is gastrosplenic omentum
stomach to hilum of spleen
what are mesenteries
2 layer fold of peri
connects inttestines to posterior wall
kinds of mesentery
mesentery of small intestines
transverse mesocolon
sigmoid mesocolon
where is the lesser sac located
behind stomach and lesser omentum
left margin of lesser sac
spleen and gastrosplenic omentum
right margin of lesser sac
opens into greater sac through foramen of winslow
anterior boundary of epiploic foramen
lesser omentum, bile duct, hepatic artery and portal vein
post boundary of epiploic foramen
IVC
sup boundary of epiploic foramen
caudate process of liver
inf boundary of epiploic foramen
1st part of duodenum
what are the 4 duodenal recesses
superior
inferior
paraduodenal
retroduodenal
what are the cecal recesses
superior iliocecal
inf
retrocecal
wher in the intersigmoid recess
apex of sigmoid; INVERTED V
location of R and L anterior subphrenic space
bet liver and diaphragm; gilid ng falciform
location of R posterior subphrenic space
bet R lobe of liver, R kidney and right colic flexure
location of R extraperitoneal space
bet layers of coronary lig
purpose of paracloic gutter
sites of collection ng fluid or infection
dito na sspill yung intestinal contents
surgeons search area tas wwash
