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comeback szn > KINES: Pelvis and Hip > Flashcards

KINES: Pelvis and Hip Flashcards

1
Q

what type of joint is the hip joint

A

diarthrodial, ball and socket

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2
Q

other name for hip joint

A

enarthrodial or universal joint

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3
Q

how many degrees of freedom in hip joint

A

3

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4
Q

when does full ossification of pelvis happen

A

20-25 yo

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5
Q

main function of hip joint

A

more for stability in WB compared to mobility

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6
Q

deepens the concavity of acetabulum

A

labrum

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7
Q

what completes the acetabular notch

A

transverse acetabular ligament

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8
Q

small opening on femoral head

A

fovea capitis - attachment of ligamentum teres

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9
Q

orientation of acetabular head

A

anterior, lateral, inferior

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10
Q

orientation of femoral head

A

superior, anterior, medial

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11
Q

joint stability depends on

A

joint congruence

negative atmospheric pressure

joint capsule

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12
Q

what forms the congruency of the hip joint

A

femoral head w the acetabulum w labrum making it more congruent

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13
Q

potential site for instability in hip joint

A

anterior - bc both face anterior

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14
Q

true physiological pos of hip

A

FABER

flexion - 90 deg
slight abd
slight ER

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15
Q

yields greatest stability of jip

A

bony CPP

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16
Q

bony CPP of hip

A

extension
slight abd
medial rot

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17
Q

OPP of hip

A

30 deg flexion
30 deg abd
slight lateral rot

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18
Q

in OPP what happens to femoral head

A

shifts anteriorly - decreasing congruence

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19
Q

is the cross sitting position stable

A

OPP so ligaments are actually slacked/loose

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20
Q

how does negative atmos psi contribute to congruency

A

creates a suction through the enclosure of capsule and ligaments

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21
Q

when is the joint capsule taut

A

at ligamentous CPP

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22
Q

what is ligamentous CPP

A

extension
abd
ER

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23
Q

when is joint capsule laxed

A

at OPP

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24
Q

where is the joint capsule thick and thin

A

anterosuperiorly - thick bc need i prevent anterior instability

posteroinferiorly - thin

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25
Q

significance of zona orbicularis

A

encircles neck and provides more stabilization during distraction

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26
Q

secondary blood supply of femoral head

A

ligamentum teres

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27
Q

site of the femoral head w/o hyaline cartilage

A

fovea capitis bc dun ligamentum teres

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28
Q

primary blood supply of femoral head

A

medial circumflex artery

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29
Q

where is ligamentum teres derived

A

from obturator artery, only present in matured bone

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30
Q

where is medial femoral circumflex derived

A

branch of profunda femoris of femoral artery

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31
Q

normal value of center edge angle

A

25-40 degrees

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32
Q

other name from center edge angle

A

vertical center anterior angle
angle of wiberg

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33
Q

whre is center edge angle measured

A

betw vertical line though center of femoral head and outer edge of acetabular roof

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34
Q

what happens if CE angle is less than 25 deg

A

hip dysplasia

lower angle = unstable

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35
Q

what happens if CE angle is more than 40 deg

A

coxa profunda or pwd din acetabular protrusio

increase angle - reduces mobility

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36
Q

what is coxa profunda

A

deep acetabular socket = LOM

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37
Q

what is acetabular protrusio

A

femoral head projects to medial = LOM

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38
Q

whres is acetabular anteversion measured

A

line from anterior and posterior edge of acetabulum and a line moving forward

39
Q

normal value of acetabular anteversion

A

20 degrees

40
Q

what happens in increased acetabular anteversion

A

acetabulum faces too forward = instability

41
Q

what happens in decreased acetabular anteversion

A

retroversion = increased coverage = LOM

42
Q

how is angle of inclination measured

A

meeting the axis of femoral shaft and axis of femoral head and neck

43
Q

normal value of angle of inclination

A

120-125 deg

44
Q

value of angle of inclination at birth

A

150 deg

45
Q

what happens in decrease angle of inclination

A

COXA VARA

greater stabilization but greater risk for femoral neck fractures

increases moment arm and torque of gluteus medius

46
Q

what happens in increased angle of inclination

A

COXA VALGA

very unstable = head can easily go out

decrease moment arm of gluteus medius

47
Q

where is angle of torsion formed

A

long axis of the femoral head and neck and line drawn through ends of femoral condyles

torsion and twisting of bone

48
Q

normal value of angle of torsion

A

15-20 deg

lower for males

49
Q

increased angle of torsion

A

anteversion or antetorsion

decreased stability = both anteriorly facing

can also affect ankle and knee since CKC

50
Q

decreased angle of torsion

A

retroversion or retrotersion

increased congruence = LOM

51
Q

primary ligaments of hip

A

iliofemoral lgiameny - Y ligament

pubofemoral ligament - Z ligament

ischiofemoral ligament - spiral

52
Q

attachment of iliofemoral ligament

A

from AIIS to superior and inferior intertrochanteric line

53
Q

which band of the Y ligament is stronger

A

superior

54
Q

function of superior and inferior bands of Y ligament

A

sup - resists add

inf - resists abd

together - prevents hyperextension and ER

some fibers behind - IR

55
Q

attachement of pubofemoral ligament

A

pubic ramus to intertorchanteric line

56
Q

function of pubofemoral ligament

A

prevents ER and hyperextension since nasa ant

excessive abd since found below

57
Q

attachment of ischiofemoral ligament

A

from posterior acetabular rim and labrum and spirals around femoral neck tas attach sa intertrochanteric line

58
Q

function of ischiofemoral ligament

A

prevents too much IR and abd and spiral prevents hyperextension

59
Q

primary flexor and extensor when knee is flexed

A

flex - iliopsoas
ext - gluts max

60
Q

primary flexor and extensor when knee is extended

A

flexion - rectus femoris
ext - hamstring

61
Q

primary abductor and adductor when knee is flexed

A

abd - gluts medius
add - short adductors

62
Q

primary abductor and adductor when knee is extended

A

abd - gluts max, TFL and IT band
add - gracilis

63
Q

CKC movement of hip in sagittal

A

anterior and posterior pelvic tilt

64
Q

CKC movement of hip in coronal

A

pelvic hike and pelvic drop

lateral pelvic shift

65
Q

explain concept of pelvic hike and drop

A

R pelvic hike = L hip abd

R pelvic drop - L hip add

66
Q

explain lateral pelvic shift

A

simultaneous hip add and abd

R lateral pelvic shift - R add L abd

67
Q

CKC movement of hip in transverse

A

L forward step = L IR and R ER

happens in walking alternate lang

68
Q

lumbopelvic rhythm for forward bending

A

lumbar - anterior pelvic tilt - hip flexion

69
Q

lumbopelvic rhythm for post bending

A

hip ext - posterior pelvic tilt - lumbar ext

70
Q

function of primary agonists of hip flexion

A

hip flexion

71
Q

primary agonist muscles of hip flexion

A

iliopsoas
rectus fem
TFL
sartorius

71
Q

function of secondary agonist of hip flexion

A

40-50 deg flexion

72
Q

secondary agonist muscles of hip flexion

A

pectineus
adductor long
adductor mag
gracilis

73
Q

primary agonist for hip extension

A

gluts max
hamstrings

74
Q

secondary agonist for hip extension

A

gluts medius
adductor mag - hamsting portion
piriformis

75
Q

short adductors of the hip

A

add long, brev, mag
pectinues
gracilis

76
Q

primary hip abductors

A

rotator cuff of hip

gluts med
gluts min

77
Q

secondary hip abductors

A

gluts max
sartorius
TFL

78
Q

primary hip ER

A

red carpet

obturator internus and externus
gemellus sup and inf
quadratus fem
piriformis

79
Q

secondary hip ER

A

gluts max, med, min

80
Q

primary hip IR

A

WALA

81
Q

secondary hip IR

A

gluts med and min
TFL

short adductors - controversial

82
Q

explain gait and ambulation in sagittal

A

stance - starts as flexion
move forward - movers until hyperextension

tas mag moce back sa stance tas cycle lng

83
Q

explain gait and ambulation in frontal

A

pelvic hike and drop in walking

midstance - only one LE is bending contralateral pelvis drop = glut med should contract

84
Q

explain gait and ambulation in transverse

A

LE steps forward = left pelvis anterior rotate tas posterior on right

ant = ER
post = IR

85
Q

relate movement of pelvis to lumbar spine

A

anterior tilt = lordosis

posterior tilt or swayback - flattening of lumbar spine

86
Q

what is erect bilateral stance

A

hip in slight hyperextension = posterior tilt = LOG posterior to axis

87
Q

how much weight is carried in bilateral

A

2/3 of hat

88
Q

explain from erect bilateral to shift to R

A

R hip add tas L abd

muscles on R will eccentrically control you from falling on that side

89
Q

shifted to R to neutral

A

contraction of R abd and L add concentrically

90
Q

how much weight carried in unilateral stance

A

5/6 of hat

91
Q

relate weak hip abd un unilateral stance

A

if weak pelvic drop will happen = compensatory lean to decrease moment arm/torque

92
Q

explain ipsilateral cane

A

on side of cane gluts med contracts which prevents dropping of pelvis = pangit kase ma ccompress padin yung hip e ayaw o nga yun

93
Q

explain contralateral use of cane

A

contralateral latissimus dorsi assists hip abd producing counter torque = replaces fucntion of gluts med on affectied side

prescribed

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