Orbit (proptosis)

Question 1

definition of

Enophthalmos

Answer 1

Abnormal retro-displacement of the eyeball

Question 2

Aetiology of Enophthalmos

Answer 2

1. traumatic (fraction)
2. senile
3. post-operative (removing of large orbital mass)
4. post inflammatory

Question 3

causes of

Pseudo-enophthalmous

Answer 3

1. Microphthalmos
2. Phthisis bulbi
3. Horner syndrome

Question 4

definition of

Proptosis

Answer 4

It’s forward protrusion of the eyeball.

Question 5

conginital causes of protrosis

Answer 5

1- Dermoid cyst (benign cystic teratoma)
2- Menningo-encephalocele (Pulsatile)

Question 6

acquired causes of proptrosis

Answer 6

1. traumatic
2. inflammation
3. neoplastic
4. vascular
5. cyst
6. endocrine

Question 7

how to measure the protrosis?

Answer 7

1. plastic ruler
2. Hertel’s Exophthamometer

Question 8

when you consider the different between eyes unilateral proptosis?

Answer 8

different greater than 2mm

Question 9

what is the normal distance

between lateral orbital margin to apex of cornea

Answer 9

15-17mm

Question 10

causes of axial proptosis [4]

Answer 10

1. Retro-bulbar hemorrhage
2. Orbital cellulitis
3. Intra-conal tumor ((Glioma of optic nerve))
4. Thyroid eye disease

Question 11

what is

IOID

Answer 11

Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Disease or Orbital pseudotumor
It’s Uncommon disorder characterized by Non-Neoplastic, Non-Infectious, orbital space occupying lesions. Involves any or all soft-tissue components

Question 12

what is the cause of IOID?

Answer 12

unknown

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