Glaucoma (1ry open)

Question 1

Another name

Answer 1

Chronic simple glaucoma

Question 2

Risk factors

Answer 2

Age above 45
Family hx
Race ( more common, earlier onset and more severe in black)
Inheritance(AD)
High myopia
ocular HTN
DM
Retinal disease
Steroid(Topical)

Question 3

Symptoms

Answer 3

Asymptomatic
The silent thief of vision

Question 4

Signs:

Answer 4

Triad of glaucoma:
High IOP
Glaucomatous cupping
Fielf defect

Question 5

How to diagnose (simply)

Answer 5

Measure IOP
Gonioscopy to see the angle
Ophthalmoscopy (cupping)
Measure visual field (to evaluate the progression)

Question 6

Early changes in optic disc

Answer 6

Large Cup/Disc ratio (0.4) (normal=0.3)
Vertical elongation of optic cup
Splinter hemorrhage

Question 7

Late change in optic disc

Answer 7

Large C/D ratio (more than 0.7)
Has over-hanging(undermind) edge
The vessels appear as interrupted
Nasal shift of vessels