Orbit

Question 1

Smooth muscle which elevates upper eyelid and its innervation

Answer 1

Superior tarsal muscle. Innervation: T1 spinal sympathetics

Question 2

how do the opthalmic veins pass to the eye

Answer 2

Superior Orbital Fissure

Question 3

Contents of Superior Orbital Fissure

Answer 3

1) CN III
2) CN IV
3) CN VI
4) CN V1
5) Opthalmic Veins

Question 4

Contents of Supraorbital Notch/Foramen (in frontal bone)

Answer 4

1) Supraorbital Nerve (V1)
2) Supraorbital Artery and Vein
3) Opthalmic Artery and Vein

Question 5

Contents of Infraorbital Foramen (in maxillary bone)

Answer 5

1) Infraorbital Nerve (V2)
2) Infraorbital Artery and Vein
3) Maxillary Artery

Question 6

Contents of Anterior and Posterior Ethmoidal Foramina

Answer 6

1) Ant/Post Ethmoidal Nerves (V1)

2) Ant/Post Ethmoidal Arteries and Veins (from Opthalmic Arteries/Veins)

Question 7

Contents of Nasolacrimal Duct (in maxillary/lacrimal bones)

Answer 7

Membranous Nasolacrimal Duct and Tears

Question 8

Irregularities in Cornea function

Answer 8

astigmatism

Question 9

Avascular, transparent layer over anterior eye - aids in light focusing

Answer 9

cornea

Question 10

Junction of sclera and cornea

Answer 10

limbus

Question 11

Major branches of the Opthalmic Artery to the eye

Answer 11

1) Central Artery of Retina

2) Posterior Ciliary Arteries (long and short)

Question 12

Functions of the choroid

Answer 12

provides oxygen and nutrients to photoreceptors

Question 13

Most common cause of central retinal artery occlusion

Answer 13

Carotid artery atheroscelerosis (fatty plaque build up in vessels)

Question 14

What surrounds the optic nerve, extending all the way to the eye

Answer 14

Dura and Subarachnoid Space (CSF)

Question 15

Swelling of the optic disc

Answer 15

papilledema

Question 16

Innervation of ciliary muscles

Answer 16

CN III parasympathetics

Question 17

Innervation of Constrictor Pupil

Answer 17

CN III parasympathetics

Question 18

Innervation of Dilator Pupil

Answer 18

sympathetics

Question 19

Origin of all extraocular muscles except inferior oblique

Answer 19

Tendinous Ring (Ring of CT surrounding optic canal and superior orbital fissure)

Question 20

Innervation of medial rectus

Answer 20

CN III

Question 21

Innervation of lateral rectus

Answer 21

CN VI

Question 22

Innervation of superior rectus

Answer 22

CN III

Question 23

Innervation of inferior rectus

Answer 23

CN III

Question 24

Innervation of superior oblique

Answer 24

CN IV

Question 25

Innervation of inferior oblique

Answer 25

CN III

Question 26

Extraocular muscle acting through a pulley and the name of that pulley

Answer 26

Superior Oblique. Trochlea

Question 27

Extraocular muscle(s) involved in medial rotation

Answer 27

Superior Oblique and Superior Rectus

Question 28

Extraocular muscle(s) involved in lateral rotiation

Answer 28

Inferior Oblique and Inferior Rectus

Question 29

Extraocular muscle(s) involved in abduction

Answer 29

Superior and Inferior Oblique

Question 30

Extraocular muscle(s) involved in adduction

Answer 30

Superior and Inferior Rectus

Question 31

Result of damage to Abducens (VI) nerve

Answer 31

Medial strabismus due to paralyzed lateral rectus

Question 32

Symptoms of CN IV damage in eye

Answer 32

Affects Superior Oblique. Cannot look down and out (laterally). Eye tilted laterally.

Question 33

Symptoms of CN III damage

Answer 33

1) Lateral Strabismus (paralyzed medial rectus)
2) ptosis (paralyzed levator palpebrae superioris)
3) Mydriasis (paralyzed pupillary constrictor)

Question 34

Main symptom of only short ciliary nerve being damaged

Answer 34

Mydriasis (pupil dilated)

Short ciliary nerves innervate ciliary muscles but also Constrictor pupil

Question 35

Branches of the Opthalmic Nerve

Answer 35

Frontal, Lacrimal, and Nasociliary Nerves