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SF2 1 > Face > Flashcards

Face Flashcards

1
Q

Innervation of muscles of facial expression embedded in superficial fascia

A

Facial Nerve (VII)

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2
Q

Insertion of facial muscles which are embedded in superficial fascia

A

insert onto skin

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3
Q

Lower motor neuron (alpha motor neuron) disorder of facial nerve

A

Bell’s Palsy

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4
Q

Virus associated with Bell’s palsy

A

herpes simplex

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5
Q

Symptoms of Bell’s Palsy

A

1) paralysis of all facial muscles on one side
2) drooling
3) inability to close eye
4) loss of taste to anterior tongue
5) pain in or behind ear
6) hyperacousia

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6
Q

What is different about a upper motor neuron disorder of cranial nerve VII as opposed to lower?

A

spares the upper face, symptoms only present on the lower face.

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7
Q

Source of left common carotid artery

A

aortic arch

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8
Q

Source of right common carotid artery

A

brachiocephalic trunk

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9
Q

The common carotid arteries divide into…

A

external and internal carotid arteries

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10
Q

Where can the pulse of the carotid artery be taken

A

upper border of thyroid cartilage

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11
Q

Facial and superficial temporal arteries branch off of…

A

external carotid artery

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12
Q

Arteries supplying brain (2)

A

internal carotid and vertebral arteries

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13
Q

Branches of the external carotid artery (8)

A

1) Superior Thyroid
2) Ascending Pharyngeal
3) Lingual
4) Facial
5) Occipital
6) Posterior Auricular
7) Maxillary
8) Superficial Temporal

SOME ANATOMISTS LIKE FREAKING OUT POOR MEDICAL STUDENTS

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14
Q

Branches of the facial artery

A

1) Superior Labial Artery
2) Inferior Labial Artery
3) Angular Artery

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15
Q

Why do the labial arteries bleed so much?

A

anastomose with the opposite side

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16
Q

Artery from which you take facial pulse

A

Facial artery

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17
Q

Branch arising anterior to the exterior auditory meatus (opening to ear)

A

superficial temporal artery

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18
Q

What do the vertebral arteries course through?

A

Foramina transversaria C1-C6

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19
Q

Source of ophthalmic artery

A

internal carotid artery

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20
Q

Major blood supply to orbit/eye

A

ophthalmic artery

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21
Q

Unique aspect of veins of the face

A

Have no or few valves

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22
Q

Medical term for blurred vision (double vision, really)

A

diplopia

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23
Q

Why do prolonged infections spread through facial veins

A

low pressure and no valves

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24
Q

Prolonged infections passing through cavernous sinus lead to…

A

cavernous sinus thrombosis

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25
Q

Clinical sign of cavernous sinus thrombosis

A

Blurred vision (diplopia) – remember, cranial nerves to eye muscles pass through cavernous sinus

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26
Q

Cranial Nerve I

A

Olfactory

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27
Q

Cranial Nerve II

A

Optic

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28
Q

Cranial Nerve III

A

Oculomotor

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29
Q

Cranial Nerve IV

A

Trochlear

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30
Q

Cranial Nerve V

A

Trigeminal

31
Q

Cranial Nerve VI

A

Abducens

32
Q

Cranial Nerve VII

A

Facial

33
Q

Cranial Nerve VIII

A

Vestibulo-cochlear

34
Q

Cranial Nerve IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

35
Q

Cranial Nerve X

A

Vagus

36
Q

Cranial Nerve XI

A

Accessory

37
Q

Cranial Nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal

38
Q

Function of Olfactory Nerve (I)

A

sense of smell

39
Q

Function of Optic Nerve (II)

A

vision

40
Q

Function of Oculomotor Nerve (III)

A

eye movement

41
Q

Function of Trochlear Nerve (IV)

A

eye movement

42
Q

Function of Trigeminal Nerve (V)

A

touch, general sensation to skin, oral cavity, nasal cavity, and more

43
Q

Function of Abducens Nerve (VI)

A

eye movement

44
Q

Function of Facial Nerve (VII)

A

muscles of facial expression and a buncha other shit

45
Q

Function of Vestibulo-Cochlear (VIII)

A

hearing and balance

46
Q

Function of Glossophayngeal (IX)

A

sensory to pharynx and more

47
Q

Function of Vagus (X)

A

Larynx, pharynx, and rest of body (courses inferiorly to the body)

48
Q

Function of Accessory Nerve (XI)

A

sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

49
Q

Function of Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)

A

muscles of the tongue

50
Q

Divisions of the Trigeminal Nerve

A

V1 - Opthalmic Division
V2 - Maxillary Division
V3 - Mandibular Division

51
Q

The paper clip against the forehead is a clinical test of which cranial nerve and specific branch nerve?

A

Cranial Nerve V and specifically the supraorbital nerve

52
Q

Function of orbicularis oculi

A

close the eye

53
Q

Location of palpebral part of orbicularis oculi and its function

A

It’s in the eyelid and simply closes the eyelid

54
Q

Location of orbital part of orbicularis oculi and its function

A

It’s on the face and it buries the eyelids (think like in a sandstorm)

55
Q

What can be damaged (and why) if the orbicularis oculi muscle is paralyzed?

A

Cornea of eye can be damaged because you cannot spread tears

56
Q

How is corneal damage prevented in newborns

A

they sometimes sew the eyelid shut (put a patch on if less severe)

57
Q

Surrounds and closes the mouth

A

orbicularis oris

58
Q

Lateral to bridge of nose; compresses nasal cartilage

A

compressor nares muscle

59
Q

Lateral to nostrils; dilates them

A

dilator nares muscle

60
Q

Winkles skin of the nose

A

procerus muscle

61
Q

Muscle that lifts upper lip

A

levator labii superioris muscle

62
Q

Raise and pull upper lip laterally

A

zygomaticus major and minor muscles

63
Q

Muscle which raises corner of the mouth

A

levator anguli oris

64
Q

Muscle producing a “smile”

A

Risorius

65
Q

Muscle associated with frowning

A

Depressor anguli oris

66
Q

Muscles depressing the lower lip

A

Depressor labii inferioris

67
Q

Muscle wrinkling the skin of the chin

A

mentalis muscle

68
Q

Compresses mouth and keeps food between teeth when chewing

A

buccinator

69
Q

Muscle forming the wall of the mouth

A

buccinator

70
Q

Muscle in the scalp attached to epicranial aponeurosis; raises eyebrows (used in clinical test of facial nerve)

A

frontalis muscle

71
Q

Extends from mandible to fascia over pectoralis major; tenses to move the skin of the neck

A

platysma muscle

72
Q

Five terminal branches of the facial nerve (VII)

A

1) temporal
2) zygomatic
3) buccal
4) mandibular
5) cervical

73
Q

Cause of cheiloschisis (cleft lip)

A

failure of fusion of medial nasal process and maxillary process

74
Q

Obstructed Duct (and what to do about it)

A

Failure of duct to canalize; opened surgically for tears to drain to nasal cavity

SF2 1 (13 decks)

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