ORAL SURGERY Flashcards
when a malignant tumor is diagnosed, the patient requires
immediate treatment by qualified specialist
a surgical chisel with a one sided bevel edge is used to
remove bone
the term universal means that the forceps may be used
on either side of one arch
in a __ biopsy the entire lesion is removed
excisional
the surgical reshaping of the alveolar ridge is known as
alveoplasty
approximately how many days must sutures remain in the surgical site
5-7
before use, surgical instruments are classified as critical items and must be
sterilized
periosteal elevators are used to
separate periosteum from surface of the bone
during oral surgical procedures what may be used for pain control
local anesthetic, IV conscious sedation, nitrous oxide/oxygen sedation
function of rongeur is to
trim the alveolar bone
common term for alveolitis
dry socket
general dentists have the skill and knowledge to
perform minor oral surgery procedures in their practices
primary function of surgical currette is
scrape interior of the socket to remove tissue or initiate haemorrhage
a bone file is commonly used after the
rongeurs
surgical aspirating tips are ___ than HVE tips used in restorative dentistry
smaller than
during a surgical procedure PPE includes
sterile gown and gloves, protective eyewear
post-op patient instructions should be given
in writing, verbally, and provided to caretaker
to maintain current status of patient health during procedure the DA should ___ as a baseline
obtain vital signs
is a scalpel is used ___ will be needed
sutures
what is used to control immediate post-op bleeding
gauze pressure pack
what are the 3 categories of extractions
emergency, preventative, conservative
indications for oral surgery
decayed teeth that cannot be restored, extraction of non vital teeth, insufficient bony support (not limited to)
contraindications for oral surgery
bleeding/clotting disorder, restorable teeth, medically compromised patients (not limited to)
what types of radiographs are not useful
bitewings
foods, liquids or medications in the stomach when general anesthesia is administered may cause
vomiting
a surgical hand wash/scrub is for how many minutes
7 minutes
hinged instruments are placed in ultrasonic with hinge
in open position
sterile gaze pressure pack stays in place for at least ___ following procedure
30-45 mins
within the first 24 hours of surgery cold packs are used
20 minutes on 20 minutes off
after 24 hours of surgery what can be used to promote healing
external heat
dry socket is characterized by
foul odor, taste, pain
if dry socket is present pain will
diminish after extraction then return after 2-4 days
elevators luxate the tooth out of the socket and
compress bone and enlarge socket
mandibular forceps “hawksbill” used for
mandibular anteriors and bicuspids
151S forceps are
universal for all deciduous mandibular teeth
surgical curettes are used
following the extraction
Bard Parker scalpel handle is
metal
hemostats are used to
retract tissue, remove small root tips, clamp off blood vessels, grasp loose objects
a mouth prop is placed on the
opposite side of the mouth being treated
surgical burs have
extra long shanks to reach surgical site
what are the types of absorbable sutures
plain catgut, chromic catgut, collagen, poly glycolic acid, polydioxanone
non absorbable suture types
silk, nylon, polyester, orlon
t/f you must return to the office to have non absorbable sutures removed
true
a surgical stent is used to help the surgeon
place the implant in the proper location
subperiosteal implants are used most commonly for the support of a
mandibular complete denture
dental implants are contraindicated when __ is present
a condition that would interfere with normal healing
homecare for a dental implant should include
oral irrigators
t/f the implant prosthesis may be fixed or removable
true
osseointegration is the
attachment of healthy bone to the dental implant
the type of individual implant that is placed directly into the bone is
endosteal
t/f a stent is not an endosteal component
true
how many surgical procedures are usually required for an implant procedure
2
what are the 3 categories of implants
endosteal, subperiosteal, transosteal
implants are typically made of
titanium
is prophylaxis part of the implant comprehensive evaluation
no
osseointegration or bonding of the dental implant to bone, occurs in
3-6 months
a transosteal implant is used primarily
when there are no other options, for patients with severely resorbed ridges
dental implant patients should be scheduled for regular recur intervals for
prophylaxis, examination, radiographs
dental implants are most often indicated when
the patient prefers a fixed option
is a signed informed consent required before the treatment of an implant begins
yes
radiographs for the dental implant patient evaluate and determine
height, width, snd quality of bone in the area
useful radiographs are
periapical, panoramic, cephalometric, tomographic
titanium implants can be coated with a mineral compound called
hydroxyapatite
hydroxyapatite is a ceramic substance that
rapidly osseointegrates the implant to the bone
the parts of an endosteal implant include
titanium implant, titanium abutment screw, abutment post
what is a healing cap
a metal screw that fits on the dental cap. keeps tissue and debris from getting into implant
where is the implant inserted in a transosteal implant
through the edentulous area
mini implants are used for fixation of
full or partial dentures (especially in mandible), crowns in small places, retention in ortho procedures
post op care for implants includes gentle rinses after each meal with what? what should not be used to rinse?
saline solution. no commercial mouth rinses
tissue impaction of teeth refers to
teeth blocked from eruption only by gingival tissues
types of biopsy
excisional, incisional, exfoliative
incisional biopsy is when
only part of the lesion is removed
exfoliative biopsies remove epithelial layers or oral mucosa from the
surface of the lesion to attain cells
