Oral Pill

Question 1

what is ethinyloestradiol?

Answer 1

an estrogen

Question 2

what is levonorgestrel?

Answer 2

progesterone, older.

Question 3

key drug of of morning after pill

Answer 3

levonorgestrel

Question 4

what is cyproterone?

Answer 4

progesterone, newer

Question 5

what is drospirenone?

Answer 5

(Yasmin) progesterone, newer

Question 6

what is significant about the newer progesterones

Answer 6

anti-androgenic

Question 7

what are the types of pills (give in order of effectiveness)

Answer 7

combined, sequentional, progesterone only

Question 8

what is the main MOA of estrogen working as a contraceptive?

Answer 8

inhibits FSH

Question 9

main MOA of progesterone

Answer 9

make endometrium unfavourable for implantation

and alters cervical mucus to create unfavourable environment for sperm. Also can inhibit LH

Question 10

main concerning adverse outcome of pill

Answer 10

There is an increased risk of VTE (venous thromboembolism). however risk is minimal - at worst it is the same as for a pregnancy

Question 11

other risks of pill (except VTE)

Answer 11

hypertension, cancer?

Question 12

other benefits of COCs? (6)

Answer 12

 Decreased risk of endometrial cancer.
 Decreased incidence of ovarian cancer and ovarian cyst formation.
 Reduction in risk of colorectal cancer.
 Protective effect on benign breast tumours.
 Reduction in risk of bone fractures.
 Reduction in dysmenorrhoea and menorrhagia (and therefore protection against iron deficiency anaemia).