ORAL PHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

to bite and grind or crush with the teeth

A

chewing

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2
Q

mastication is defined as the act of _______

A

chewing food

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3
Q

what are the 4 movements of jaw?

A

depression of jaw
elevation of jaw
protraction of jaw
retraction of jaw

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4
Q

the process of swallowing also known as ________. involves the movement of substances from the MOUTH (ORAL CAVITY) TO PHARYNX AND ESOPHAGUS

A

deglutition

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5
Q

initial part of the digestive system. it includes lips, cheeks, gums, teeth, tongue, and the roof and floor of the mouth.

A

oral cavity

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6
Q

MUSCULAR TUBE that connects the oral cavity to the esophagus and the larynx.

A

pharynx

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7
Q

HOLLOW TUBE in the middle of your neck, just above your trachea (windpipe) and esophagus.

A

larynx

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8
Q

muscles involves in chewing

A

temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid muscle.

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9
Q

achieved through contraction of the posterior temporalis, suprahyoid, and infrahyoid muscles.

A

retrusion

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10
Q

ipsilateral contraction of primary the posterior fibers of the temporalis muscles.

A

lateral movements

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11
Q

involves crushing food and mixing it with saliva to form bolus for swallowing

A

mastication

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12
Q

refers to the way your upper and lower teeth come together when you bite or chew.

A

dental occlusion

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13
Q

3 development of the dentition

A
  1. primary dentition
  2. mixed dentition
  3. permanent dentition
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14
Q

also known as baby teeth or milk teeth, consists of 20 teeth that typically begin to emerge around 6 months of age.

A

primary dentition

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15
Q

the first teeth to appear, usually between 6-12 months

A

incisors

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16
Q

appear between 12-18 months, followed by the second set of molars around 24-30 months

A

molars

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17
Q

erupts between 16-24 months

18
Q

dentition stage occurs between approximately 6-12 years of age when both primary and permanent teeth are present

A

mixed dentition

19
Q

erupt first, starting around 6 age, known as the SIX-YEAR MOLAR

A

permanent 1st molar

20
Q

this period is crucial as it sets the foundation for the final alignment of teeth

A

transition

21
Q

good occlusion contributes to a pleasing smile and proper alignment of teeth

A

aesthetic impact

22
Q

refers to the relationship between the upper and lower teeth when the mouth is closed, specifically during lateral movements.

A

lateral occlusal relations

23
Q

where small amounts of enamel are reshaped to improve the way the teeth come into contact

A

occlusal adjustment

24
Q

refers to the balanced alignment of teeth that ensures even distribution of forces during chewing

A

occlusal stability

25
refers to the changes the nervous system undergoes in response to variation in occlusion
adaption
26
when teeth come into contact in a way that disrupts normal function or causes discomfort.
occlusal interference
27
is the space between the upper and lower jaws when the teeth are in occlusion
vertical dimensions
28
movements and functions of the oral structure, including the lips, tongue, and jaw.
oral motor behavior
29
stages of swallowing
oral pharyngeal esophageal
30
are exocrine glands responsible for producing saliva
salivary glands
31
major functions of salivary glands
moistening oral cavity facilitating digestion protecting teeth from decay
32
largest salivary glands located NEAR THE EAR.
parotid gland
33
located beneath the jaw, around the floor of the mouth. produce both serous (watery) and mucous (thicker) saliva
submandibular
34
smallest of the major salivary gland. located UNDER THE TONGUE
sublingual glands
35
scattered throughout the oral cavity (lips, cheeks, palate)
minor salivary glands
36
forms the majority of saliva
water (99%)
37
begins the digestion of carbohydrates
enzyme
38
contributes to antimicrobial defense
lysosome
39
glycoproteins that help lubricate the mouth and food
mucins
40
includes sodium, potassium, calcium and bicarbonate, which are important for maintaining the pH and ionic balance of saliva
electrolytes.
41