GENERAL PATHOLOGY SEMI FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

meaning of NEOPLASIA

A

neo means NEW, plagia means GROWTH

NEW GROWTH

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2
Q

disorder of cell growth that is triggered by a series of acquired mutations affecting a single cell and its clonal progeny

A

NEOPLASM

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3
Q

these abnormal cells is independent of physiological growth stimuli of the body this is called?

A

autonomous nature of neoplasm

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4
Q

synonym for the word neoplasm and the study of tumors is known as?

A

oncology

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5
Q

what are the 2 main classification of tumors?

A
  1. BENIGN (non-cancerous and manageable)
  2. MALIGNANT (cancerous, invasive, and capable of metastasis)
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6
Q

what are the 2 essential components of both benign and malignant tumors?

A
  1. tumor parenchyma (proliferating neoplastic cells)
  2. reactive stroma (supportive connective tissue)
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7
Q

it is the spread of cancer cells from the original tumor site to distant parts of the body

A

METASTASIS

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8
Q

extremely fatal over benign tumors causing significant morbidity and mortality

A

malignant tumors

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9
Q

tumors stromal support is high with abundant collagen is called?

A

desmaplasia

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10
Q

benign tumor of fibrous tissue is called?

A

fibroma

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11
Q

benign tumor of cartilage tissue is called?

A

chondroma

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12
Q

benign tumor of smooth muscle tissue is called?

A

leiomyoma

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13
Q

benign tumor of skeletal muscle is called?

A

rhabdomyoma

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14
Q

neoplasms derived from grandular epithelium are called?

A

adenomas

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15
Q

finger-like projections from epithelial surfaces are called?

A

papillomas

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16
Q

the nine epithelial neoplasms that produce cystic masses are called?

A

cystenomas

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17
Q

epithelial neoplasms producing papillary patterns that protrude into a cystic space that are commonly seen in the parotid gland are called

A

papillary cyst adenomas

18
Q

malignant tumors arising in mesenchymal tissues are called

A

sarcomas

19
Q

malignant tumors of fibrous tissue are called

A

fibrosarcomas

20
Q

malignant tumors of cartilage tissue are called

A

chondrosarcomas

21
Q

malignant tumors of smooth muscle tissue are called

A

leiomyosarcomas

22
Q

malignant tumors of skeletal muscle tissue are called

A

rhabdomyosarcomas

23
Q

malignant tumors arising from blood forming cells are called

A

leukemias or lymphomas

24
Q

malignant tumors of epithelial cell origin are called

A

carcinomas

25
Q

malignant tumor of plasma cells is called

A

meloma

26
Q

malignant tumor of melanocytes is called

A

melanoma

27
Q

malignant tumor of mesothelium is called

A

mesothelioma

28
Q

there are a group of neoplasms called —— that contain different types of cells

A

mixed tumors

29
Q

tumors that have cells representing more than a single germ cell layer

  • this type of tumors develop as a result of a mutation in a totally potent stem cell
A

teratomas

30
Q

extent to which neoplastic cells resemble the normal cells both morphologically and functionally

  • the tumor cells same as the normal cells or not well differentiated cells resemble the normal cells of the tissue
A

differentiation

31
Q

means lack of differentiation and often hallmark of malignancy

A

anaplasia

32
Q

secondary tumor implants that are discontinous with the primary tumor and are located in remote tissue

A

metastases

33
Q

function of these genes is to produce that regulate normal cell proliferation and differentiation in cancer

A

proto-oncogenes

34
Q

have the ability to promote cell growth in the absence of normal growth promoting signals

A

oncoproteins

35
Q

genes which encode proteins that regulate cell cycle checkpoints when a dna damaged cell undergoes division

A

tumor suppressor

36
Q

these are specific dna sequences that bind with protective proteins

  • main function of telomeres is to prevent enzymatic degradation of chromosomal ends and to maintain genomic stability in normal cell
A

telomeres

37
Q

formation of new blood vessels is called

A

angioegenesis

38
Q

metastatic cascade is divided into two phases invasion ——

A
  1. extracellular matrix
  2. vascular dissemination
39
Q

homing of tumor cells and colonization metastasis is the process of producing tumor deposits at a site distant to initial mass

A

vascular dissemination

40
Q
A