GENERAL PATHOLOGY SEMI FINAL

Question 1

meaning of NEOPLASIA

Answer 1

neo means NEW, plagia means GROWTH

NEW GROWTH

Question 2

disorder of cell growth that is triggered by a series of acquired mutations affecting a single cell and its clonal progeny

Answer 2

NEOPLASM

Question 3

these abnormal cells is independent of physiological growth stimuli of the body this is called?

Answer 3

autonomous nature of neoplasm

Question 4

synonym for the word neoplasm and the study of tumors is known as?

Answer 4

oncology

Question 5

what are the 2 main classification of tumors?

Answer 5

1. BENIGN (non-cancerous and manageable)
2. MALIGNANT (cancerous, invasive, and capable of metastasis)

Question 6

what are the 2 essential components of both benign and malignant tumors?

Answer 6

1. tumor parenchyma (proliferating neoplastic cells)
2. reactive stroma (supportive connective tissue)

Question 7

it is the spread of cancer cells from the original tumor site to distant parts of the body

Answer 7

METASTASIS

Question 8

extremely fatal over benign tumors causing significant morbidity and mortality

Answer 8

malignant tumors

Question 9

tumors stromal support is high with abundant collagen is called?

Answer 9

desmaplasia

Question 10

benign tumor of fibrous tissue is called?

Answer 10

fibroma

Question 11

benign tumor of cartilage tissue is called?

Answer 11

chondroma

Question 12

benign tumor of smooth muscle tissue is called?

Answer 12

leiomyoma

Question 13

benign tumor of skeletal muscle is called?

Answer 13

rhabdomyoma

Question 14

neoplasms derived from grandular epithelium are called?

Answer 14

adenomas

Question 15

finger-like projections from epithelial surfaces are called?

Answer 15

papillomas

Question 16

the nine epithelial neoplasms that produce cystic masses are called?

Answer 16

cystenomas

Question 17

epithelial neoplasms producing papillary patterns that protrude into a cystic space that are commonly seen in the parotid gland are called

Answer 17

papillary cyst adenomas

Question 18

malignant tumors arising in mesenchymal tissues are called

Answer 18

sarcomas

Question 19

malignant tumors of fibrous tissue are called

Answer 19

fibrosarcomas

Question 20

malignant tumors of cartilage tissue are called

Answer 20

chondrosarcomas

Question 21

malignant tumors of smooth muscle tissue are called

Answer 21

leiomyosarcomas

Question 22

malignant tumors of skeletal muscle tissue are called

Answer 22

rhabdomyosarcomas

Question 23

malignant tumors arising from blood forming cells are called

Answer 23

leukemias or lymphomas

Question 24

malignant tumors of epithelial cell origin are called

Answer 24

carcinomas

Question 25

malignant tumor of plasma cells is called

Answer 25

meloma

Question 26

malignant tumor of melanocytes is called

Answer 26

melanoma

Question 27

malignant tumor of mesothelium is called

Answer 27

mesothelioma

Question 28

there are a group of neoplasms called ------ that contain different types of cells

Answer 28

mixed tumors

Question 29

tumors that have cells representing more than a single germ cell layer - this type of tumors develop as a result of a mutation in a totally potent stem cell

Answer 29

teratomas

Question 30

extent to which neoplastic cells resemble the normal cells both morphologically and functionally - the tumor cells same as the normal cells or not well differentiated cells resemble the normal cells of the tissue

Answer 30

differentiation

Question 31

means lack of differentiation and often hallmark of malignancy

Answer 31

anaplasia

Question 32

secondary tumor implants that are discontinous with the primary tumor and are located in remote tissue

Answer 32

metastases

Question 33

function of these genes is to produce that regulate normal cell proliferation and differentiation in cancer

Answer 33

proto-oncogenes

Question 34

have the ability to promote cell growth in the absence of normal growth promoting signals

Answer 34

oncoproteins

Question 35

genes which encode proteins that regulate cell cycle checkpoints when a dna damaged cell undergoes division

Answer 35

tumor suppressor

Question 36

these are specific dna sequences that bind with protective proteins - main function of telomeres is to prevent enzymatic degradation of chromosomal ends and to maintain genomic stability in normal cell

Answer 36

telomeres

Question 37

formation of new blood vessels is called

Answer 37

angioegenesis

Question 38

metastatic cascade is divided into two phases invasion ------

Answer 38

1. extracellular matrix 2. vascular dissemination

Question 39

homing of tumor cells and colonization metastasis is the process of producing tumor deposits at a site distant to initial mass

Answer 39

vascular dissemination