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GI - Week 1 > Oral pathology > Flashcards

Oral pathology Flashcards

1
Q

This is a common painful ulcer of unknown cause
Very common

A

Aphthous ulcer

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2
Q

Most Aphthous ulcers are spontaneous, or seen with this

A

Stress
(also illness, local trauma)

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3
Q

Behcets syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and celiac disease are associated with clusters and/or larger lesions of this

A

Aphthous ulcer

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4
Q

Is Aphthous ulcer painful?

A

YES

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5
Q

This is a grey-yellow base of granulation tissue, with surrounding erythema

A

Aphthous ulcer

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6
Q

Aphthous ulcers have a base of granulation tissue of this color, with surrounding erythema

A

Grey-yellow

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7
Q

Where do Aphthous ulcers occur in the mouth?

A

Anywhere

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8
Q

Are Aphthous ulcers self-resolving?

A

Yes; transient and self resolving

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9
Q

This is an idiopathic disorder of Aphthous ulcers and uveitis

A

Behcet syndrome

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10
Q

Behcet syndrome is an idiopathic disorder of Aphthous ulcers and this condition

A

Uveitis

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11
Q

Behcet syndrome mostly occurs in this ethnic population

A

Mediterranean

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12
Q

Behcet syndrome is associated with this HLA

A

HLA-B51

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13
Q

HLA-B51 is a genetic association with this condition

A

Behcet syndrome

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14
Q

What is the typical age of a patient with Behcet syndrome?

A

Young adult - adult
(20-40 years old)

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15
Q

This is probably a vasculitis syndrome, possibly of vasa vasorum
Involves recurrent episodes, lasting 1-4 weeks

A

Behcet syndrome

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16
Q

The triad of this condition is:
Oral aphthous ulcers
Genital aphthous ulcers
Uveitis (may progress to blindness)

A

Behcet syndrome

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17
Q

What is the triad of symptoms of Behcet syndrome?

A

Oral aphthous ulcers
Genital aphthous ulcers
Uveitis (may progress to ulcers)

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18
Q

After primary mucocutaneous infection with herpes, the virus can remain latent here

A

Trigeminal ganglion

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19
Q

A patient with asymptomatic oral shedding, intraoral lesions, and recurrent pharyngitis, can be diagnosed through this preparation

A

Tzank preparation
(for oral herpes)

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20
Q

This is a white patch of plaque that cannot be scraped off

A

Leukoplakia

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21
Q

Can Leukoplakia be scraped off?

A

NO

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22
Q

This is a velvety, erythematous area with thinned mucosa and vascularity

A

Erythroplakia

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23
Q

These two oral lesions can develop into squamous cell dysplasia/malignancy

A

Leukoplakia and Erythroplakia

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24
Q

Can Candidiasis (aka thrush) be scraped off?

A

YES

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25
Q

Is Candidiasis painful?

A

Usually painless
(Adherent, white painless patches on tongue, buccal mucosa, esophagus)

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26
Q

Thrush in a young healthy person may be due to this condition

A

HIV

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27
Q

Pseudohyphae present in surface epithelium morphology indicates this condition

A

Candidiasis

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28
Q

These are benign, white patches on the lateral tongue
Can be unilateral or bilateral
Villiform surface

A

Oral hairy leukoplakia

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29
Q

Can Oral hairy leukoplakia be scraped off?

A

NO

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30
Q

Oral hairy leukoplakia is squamous hyperplasia due to this virus

A

EBV
Seen commonly in HIV infection

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31
Q

Is there squamous hyperplasia in Oral hairy leukoplakia?

A

Yes

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32
Q

Is there squamous atypia in Oral hairy leukoplakia?

A

No

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33
Q

Parakeratosis and Cowdry-A inclusions, as well as frequent Candida superinfection, are seen in this pathology

A

Oral hairy leukoplakia

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34
Q

Whickham’s striae-lacy white lines in oral lesions can indicate this pathology

A

Oral lichen planus

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35
Q

This is the most common malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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36
Q

Are most cases of Squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity HPV positive?

A

No, HPV negative in most cases

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37
Q

Is being male or female a risk factor for Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity?

A

Male

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38
Q

These three substances are risk factors for developing Squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity

A

Tobacco
Alcohol
Betel-quid/Paan chewing (India/Asian)

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39
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity occurs via either of these two pathways

A

Chronic exposure to carcinogens
HPV-16

40
Q

HPV-16 causing Squamous cell carcinoma tends to occur in this part of the body

A

Oropharynx

41
Q

These are two HPV oncogenes

42
Q

E6 and E7 are oncogenes of this virus, which can cause Squamous cell carcinoma

43
Q

HPV-16 can result in mutation of these tumor suppressors

A

p53 and Rb

44
Q

HPV-16 can cause tumor cells that over-express this CDK-I

45
Q

Does Squamous cell carcinoma as a result of HPV-16 have a good or poor prognosis?

46
Q

Patients with this condition often present with lymphadenopathy
Also mass, ulceration, erythroplakia, leukoplakia

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

47
Q

Is ENT Squamous cell carcinoma radiosensitive?

48
Q

Morphology of this condition is preceded by dysplasia often
Irregular islands of malignant squames
Detached from surface
Desmoplastic stroma

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

49
Q

This is the most important prognostic factor for primary Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Depth of invasion

50
Q

Does Squamous cell carcinoma spread to regional nodes?

51
Q

This is a benign fibrous nodule in response to irritation
Denture, palate, bite line, any repetitive trauma
Fibrosis with chronic inflammation
Overlying squamous hyperplasia

A

Irritation fibroma

52
Q

This is actually a lobular capillary hemangioma
Rapidly growing polypoid red mass

A

Pyogenic granuloma

53
Q

Pyogenic granuloma occurs throughout the body, most common at these locations

A

Fingers and lips

54
Q

Is Pyogenic granuloma often self-limiting?

A

Yes
Benign neoplasm, self-limited often with regression

55
Q

This benign neoplasm has a frequent association with gingival tumor in 3rd trimester

A

Pyogenic granuloma

56
Q

This benign neoplasm includes a central branching vessel, lobules of capillaries, and epithelial collarette

A

Pyogenic granuloma

57
Q

Retrograde bacterial invasion can cause acute suppurative sialadenitis, with this organism most commonly

58
Q

This form of Sialadenitis is acute painful swelling with fever
Occurs with salivary stasis (sialolith, dehydration, debilitation, trauma, fibrotic stricture)

A

Acute suppurative sialadenitis

59
Q

This form of Sialadenitis is chronic inflammatory and glandular atrophy
Intermittent, tender swelling of gland and/or xerostomia
Causes include chronic duct obstruction, recurrent bacterial infections, radiation, Sjogrens

A

Chronic Sialadenitis

60
Q

This condition is autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands (mainly salivary and lacrimal glands)

A

Sjogren syndrome

61
Q

What is the typical patient with Sjogren syndrome?

A

Perimenopausal white female

62
Q

Most cases of this autoimmune condition are associated with RA, SLE, systemic sclerosis
Minority are primary
Involve constitutional symptoms, xerostomia, xerophthalmia

A

Sjogren syndrome

63
Q

These two serologic markers are most sensitive for Sjogren syndrome

A

RF and ANA

64
Q

These two serologic markers for Sjogren syndrome are most specific

A

SS-A and SS-B

65
Q

RF and ANA are sensitive for this condition, and SS-A and SS-B are most specific

A

Sjogren syndrome

66
Q

Morphology of this condition involves lymphocytic inflammation of salivary and lacrimal glands
Chronic Sialadenitis can occur
Glandular atrophy is also seen

A

Sjogren syndrome

67
Q

Complications of this condition include Caries, Candidiasis, nutrition, keratitis

A

Sjogren syndrome

68
Q

This is a retention cyst of salivary duct
Usually blue-dome cyst on lip
Pseudocyst filled with inspissated secretions

69
Q

Mucocele is usually a dome cyst on the lip of this color

70
Q

This is a post-obstructive true cyst in sublingual gland

71
Q

Ranula is a post-obstructive true cyst in this gland

A

Sublingual

72
Q

Most salivary tumors arise in this gland, and are benign

A

Parotid gland

73
Q

Are most tumors of submandibular, sublingual, and minor salivary glands benign or malignant?

74
Q

Does pain suggest a benign or malignant salivary tumor?

75
Q

This is a benign salivary gland tumor, that is the most common type
Mostly adults
Parotid gland most common (mostly superficial lobe)
Painless mass

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

76
Q

Pleomorphic adenoma is biphasic with these two components

A

Epithelial (sheets, glands, tubules)
Mesenchymal (usually chondroid or myoepithelial)

77
Q

Is Pleomorphic adenoma benign?

A

yes

Small chance of malignant change
(Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma)

78
Q

Is Pleomorphic adenoma encapsuled?

A

Usually yes

Capsule often discontinuous
Thick or thin, sometimes absent

79
Q

Is Pleomorphic adenoma well circumscribed?

A

Yes, but nodular

80
Q

This salivary gland tumor has a chondroid and/or gelatinous appearance

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

81
Q

This salivary gland tumor has a high recurrence rate
Small chance of malignant change (rare)

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

82
Q

This is a benign parotid gland tumor
Highly associated with smoking
Frequently multifocal and bilateral

A

Warthin tumor

83
Q

Warthin tumor is a benign tumor of this gland

A

Parotid gland

84
Q

Warthin tumor is highly associated with this

85
Q

This is an asymptomatic slow growing superficial lobe parotid tumor
Also known as cystadenoma lymphomatosum papilliferum

A

Warthin tumor

86
Q

Morphology of this condition includes a cystic cleft oozing brown, mucoid material
Brown tumor - mitochondria
Bilayered oncocytic epithelium
Lymphoid stroma with germinal centers

A

Warthin tumor

87
Q

Is chance of malignancy of salivary gland tumor proportional to gland size?

A

Inversely
(minor glands have highest risk; parotid has lowest)

88
Q

This is the most common salivary gland malignancy
Parotid gland most common
Not uncommon in children
Morphology has three components (squamous, glandular, and intermediate cells)

A

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

89
Q

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma most commonly occurs in this gland

A

Parotid gland

90
Q

Is low or high grade Mucoepidermoid carcinoma cystic with greater chance of survival?

91
Q

Is low or high grade Mucoepidermoid carcinoma more solid with lower survival rate?

A

High grade

92
Q

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is the most common minor salivary gland malignancy, and frequently arises in this location

93
Q

Does Adenoid cystic carcinoma present with pain?

94
Q

Morphology of this condition shows cribiform growth, luminal basement membrane material, highly infiltrative, perineural invasion often

A

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

95
Q

Is Adenoid cystic carcinoma infiltrative?

A

Yes - highly infiltrative

96
Q

Does Adenoid cystic carcinoma typically recur?

A

Yes - relentless recurrences

GI - Week 1 (11 decks)

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