Oral Microbiology

Question 1

cause and symptoms of acute pseduomembranous candidiasis

Answer 1

• results from Candida albicans infection
• results in thrush
• white plaques on buccal mucosa, palate, tongue, oropharynx
• wipe off leaves a red, raw painful surface
• angular cheilitis and perleche (redness around mouth and lips)

Question 2

treatment of Candidiasis

Answer 2

topical antifungals or oral fluconazole

Question 3

HSV-1 symptoms

Answer 3

• flu-like symptoms (fever, malaise, irritability, sleeplessness
• herpetic whitlow (fingers)
• recurrence presents with pins and needles feeling brought on by stress
• dewdrop on rose petal (vesicular lesion with no puss, typically clear, base is pink)

Question 4

location of HSV-1 latency

Answer 4

dorsal root ganglion

Question 5

treatment of HSV-1

Answer 5

acyclovir

Question 6

cause of herpangina

Answer 6

coxsackie A virus

Question 7

age group and time of herpangina

Answer 7

• age 3-10 and more often in summer and fall

Question 8

symptoms of herpangina

Answer 8

• vesicular ulcerated lesions around soft palate and uvula
• fever, sore throat, pain on swallowing, anorexia, vomiting
• may want something cold to eat or suck on

Question 9

cause, age group, timing, and symptoms of hand-foot-mouth disease

Answer 9

• coxsackie A16
• children under 5
• spring and summer
• blisters on hands and feet and in the back of the throat

Question 10

predominant caries causing organism

Answer 10

• S. mutans

- promotes aggregation of bacteria

Question 11

periodontal disease

Answer 11

• early phase: gingivitis

- late phase: periodontitis

Question 12

symptoms of gingivitis

Answer 12

• acute and chronic inflammation of gingiva
• subgingival plaque present
• tendency for gums to bleed
• no pain
• no bone resoprption

Question 13

symptoms of periodontitis

Answer 13

• vague pain jaws
• gingiva inflamed, discolored, bleeds readily
• pus expressed
• teeth fall out

Question 14

symptoms of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG)

Answer 14

• aka Vincents disease or Trench mouth
• rapid onset of pain in gingiva
• necrosis of interdental papilla
• marginated, punched out appearance
• characteristic bad breath with altered taste perception
• fever, malaise, regional lymphadenopathy

Question 15

bacteria associated with trench mouth

Answer 15

• spirochetes (treponema, borrelia, PROS)

- prevotella intermedia

Question 16

high numbers of this in localized aggressive periodontitis

Answer 16

• aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomtians (gram negative coccobacillus)

Question 17

other causes of gingivitis and periodontal disease

Answer 17

• gram negative anaerobic rods (GNAR)

- bacteroides, fusobacterium, porphyromonas asaccharolytica, prevotella

Question 18

differentiation of anaerobes

Answer 18

• growth on laked blood agar with kanamycin, vancomycin and colistin
• bacteroides grows quickly
• fusobacterium and porphyromonas does not grow
• prevotella grows within a week

Question 19

pigmented GNAR

Answer 19

• porphyromonas ( asaccharolytic, grey initially then black)

- prevotella ( saccharolytic, fluoresces dark reed initially then brown/black)

Question 20

characteristics of Eikenella corrodens

Answer 20

• oxidase positive, gram negative rod
• smells like bleach
• pitting on agar
• most often from human bites

Question 21

cause and symptoms of actinomycosis

Answer 21

• caused by A. israeli
• foul smelling
• lumpy jaw
• fluctuant, produces draining fistula