[ORAL EXAM] OTC Flashcards by ry ry

An agent intended for use in diagnosis, mitigation, cure, treatment
or prophylaxis

Drug

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taken by the body but has no approved
therapeutic use

Supplement

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Intended to be applied to the external part of the body or mucous
membranes

Cosmetic

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Refers to medicine which only be dispensed by a pharmacist to a
patient, upon presentation of a valid prescription

Prescription Drug

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a written order and instruction for use
of speciNic drug for speciNic patient

Prescription

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Refers to medicine which used for symptomatic relief of minor
ailments and which may be dispensed without a prescription

OTC Drug

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What does RONPD stand for

Retail Outlet For Non-Prescription Drug

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Refers to the scientiIically and internationally recognized name
of the active ingredients, as approved by the FDA

Generic Name

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Which republic act approved by the FDA of the Generic Act

RA 6675

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Intended to treat conditions that are chronic or long term

Maintenance Drug

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Refers to the proprietary name given by the manufacturer to
distinguish its product from those of competitors

Brand Name

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Intended for pain management – lose of perception of pain

Analgesic

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Intended for reducing inNlammation in the body

Anti-InIlammatory

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medical term for sensitivity to pain

Algesia

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Two ways to measure body temperature

Axillary most common
Oral - most accurate

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Intended for reducing fever

Antipyretic

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A weak COX inhibitor (COX – Cyclooxygenase)

Paracetamol

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Toxicity of Paracetamol

Hepatotoxicity

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What does Hepatotoxicity stand for?

High accumulation of NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine)

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Treatment for Hepatotoxicity

N-acetylcysteine

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(just click)

Paracetamol is safe to use by special populations - – pregnant and lactating
moms, children

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True or False:

Paracetamol has analgesic effect

True

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True or False:

Paracetamol has antipyretic effect

True

Paracetamol is MOSTLY Antipyretic

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True or False:

Paracetamol has anti-inflammatory effect

False

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most populat Paracetamol brand

Biogesic

What are paracetamol drugs that contains caffeine that enhances analgesic effect

Saridon and Rexidol

the only chewable tablet of Paracetamol

Kiddilets

2 groups of Non-narcotics

1. Paracetamol 2. NSAID

Paracetamol daily intake mg/kg/day

125mg/kg/day

True or False Are all maintenance drugs are OTC

False some maintenance drugs are prescription drugs

2 groups of Analgesics:

1. Narcotics 2. Non Narcotics

What does COX stand for?

Cyclooxygenase

What does NSAID stand for?

Non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs

what is responsible for inflammation

PGE 2 (Prostaglandins)

True or False OTC NSAIDs are Non Selective

True

What is converted by COX to become Prostaglandins

Arachidonic Acid

What are NSAIDs inhibiting?

COX to stop inflammation

(just click)

COX 1 - Constitutive Enzymes > for homeostatic and maintenance function COX 2 - Inducible Enzymes > triggered and produced by particular stimulus

Which is bad COX 1 or COX 2?

COX 2

A prototype NSAID

Aspirin Prototype NSAID - meaning dose dependent

give the ASPIRIN Dosage of each to function: 1. Analgesic 2. Anti-inflammatory 3. Antipyretic 4. Antiplatelet

Analgesic - less than 600mg/day Anti-inflammatory - 3.2g - 4g/day Antipyretic - 0.3g to 1.2g Antiplatelet - no more than 325mg/day

the only OTC Aspirin

Asthromed

what is Aspirin Toxicity

Reye's Syndrome may cause Hepatic Failure

True or False Mefenamic Acid is an antipyretic

False

True or False Mefenamic Acid is an analgesic

False

Side effects of Aspirin

1. Hyperuricemia 2. Aspirin Toxicity (Reye's Syndrome) 3. GI Effects 4. Low urine output 5. NSAID-induced bronchial asthma

True or False Aspirin can be given to children that are recovering from fever caused by viral infection

False

True or False Ibuprofen is an antipyretic

True

True or False Mefenamic Acid is an anti inflammatory

True

What is the only dosage strength of Mefenamic Acid in milligrams

250mg

What mefenamic acid brand names are OTC drugs

Dolfenal Ponstan

What are the 2 Propionic Acid Derivatives

Ibuprofen Naproxen

True or False Ibuprofen is an analgesic

True

True or False Ibuprofen is an anti inflammatory

True

Safest NSAID for Children

Ibuprofen (Dolan)

True or False Naproxen is an anti inflammatory

True

True or False Naproxen is an analgesic

True

True or False Naproxen is an antipyretic

True

Brand names of Naproxen:

Flanax Sarimax Skelan

True or False Diclofenac is taken before meals

True

Phenylacetic Acid Derivatives consists of what

Diclofenac

True or False Diclofenac must be swallowed as a whole

True

Drugs that are intended to relieve symptoms of allergies

Anti histamines

Antihistamines are classified into 2, what are these 2?

1st Generation Antihistamines 2nd Generation Antihistamines

True or False Antihistamines can be used for motion sickness

True

Medications aimed at preventing or treating nausea and vomiting

Anti emetic

Drugs that are both antiemetic and antihistamine

Meclizine Alkylamine

(just click)

1ST GEN ANTIHISTAMINES H1 Blockers: > Has sedative effect > Used to treat the symptoms of allergic reactions

True or False: Meclizine is taken 10 minutes before travel

False Meclizine is taken 1 HOUR before travel

True or False: Meclizine drugs are usually chewables

True

True or False: Meclizine is an anti pyretic

False

True or False: Meclizine is an anti emetic

True

True or False: Meclizine is an anti histamine

True

True or False: Alkylamine is an anti emetic

True

True or False: Alkylamine is an anti histamine

True

The only prescription drug of brompheniramine

Nasatapp

(just click)

2ND GEN ANTIHISTAMINES H1 Blockers Has two kinds: 1. Piperazine 2. Piperidine

Which has less sedating effects? Piperidine or Piperazine

Piperazine

Which has no sedating effects? Piperidine or Piperazine

Piperidine

When is Cetirizine commonly taken

Once at bedtime

Generic name of Piperazine

Cetirizine

True or False: Cetirizine is an anti emetic

True

True or False: Cetirizine is an anti histamine

True

Generic name of Piperidine

Loratadine

True or False: Loratadine is an anti emetic

True

True or False: Loratadine is an anti histamine

True

Drugs for colds and coughs and mucus production

Respiratory Drugs

Colds that are caused by virus, self limiting

Common Colds

Minor infections of the nose and throat

Colds

Colds that are experienced almost everyday

Allergic Colds

True or False: Self-limiting means it is resolved in not more than 5-7 days

True

Which Statement is Correct I. Common colds occur twice a year for Infants II. Common colds occur once a month for Adults III. Both true bruh IV. Both false bruh

IV. Both false bruh I. Common colds occur ONCE A MONTH for Infants II. Common colds occur TWICE A YEAR for Adults

Relieve nasal discomfort caused by colds, allergies, and hay fever

Phenylephrine

True or False: Phenylephrine is usually taken together with Ibuprofen

False Phenylephrine is usually taken together with PARACETAMOL

Primary treatment for nasal congestion

Decongestants Oral administration is convenient but has high risk of systemic toxicity

True or False: Headache is associated with colds and allergies

True

True or False: Drugs for common colds can help treat the virus

False Drugs for common colds cannot treat the virus, THERE ARE NO ANTIVIRAL DRUG, THUS drugs for common colds only treat THE SYMPTOMS and NOT THE VIRUS

True or False: Common colds Drugs are analgesics for headache

True

Preferred medication for allergic rhinitis

Alkylamines: chlorpheniramine and brompheniramine

True or False: Allergic colds Drugs are antihistamines

True

(just click)

> Allergic colds are sedative type of allergic rhinitis > recurrent and colorless > Exposed to allergens and pollens >

2 Types of Cough

Productive - has mucus Non-Productive - no mucus (Dry Cough)

A particular form of cough that may be characterized by a "ratty or "tight" chest

Productive Cough

Drugs of Productive Cough

1. Mucoregulators 2. Mucolytic 3. Expectorant

Increases the water portion of the mucus

Mucoregulators

Breaks disulfide linkages between mucus molecules

Mucolytic

Mucolytic Drug

N-acetylcysteine (Prescription tho)

3 Mucoregulator drugs

1. Ambroxol 2. Bromhexine 3. Carbocisteine

Stimulate bronchial glands to secrete more of the water portion of the mucus

Expectorant

Expectorant Drug

Guaifenesin

This cough raises no sputum and bring about irritation, a feeling of itchy throat

Non-productive Cough

What are the drugs of Non-productive cough

Antitussives

A condition characterized by discomfort, pain, or scratchiness in th throat causing swallowing to be difficult and painful

Sore throat

True or False: Sore throats and Tonsilitis are the same

False

Any abnormal decrease in a person's usual bowel movement frequency and/or pain during stool passage

Constipation Accumulation of hard fecal material in the large intestine

Laxatives that stimulates the colonic nerves directly

Stimulant Laxatives

3 Treatment for Constipation

1. Bulk-forming Laxatives 2. Osmotic Laxatives 3. Stimulant Laxatives

Laxative that retains water/increase fecal mass

Bulk-forming laxatives

Laxatives that obligates water retention intraluminally by osmosis

Osmotic Laxatives

Alteration in a normal bowel movement characterized by an increase in the water content, volume, or frequency of stool

Diarrhea

can cause dehydration Diarrhea or Constipation

Diarrhea halata man

Drugs for Diarrhea

1. ORS (Oral Rehydration Salts) 2. Loperamide

Excessive production of gastric fluids in the stomach causing stomach upset

Hyperacidity

Condition in which the liquid content of the stomach backs up into the esophagus

GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)

Treatment for hyperacidity and Gerd

Antacids

These drugs promote neutralization of the stomach

Antacids Antacids increase the pH of gastric refluxate

Side effect of antacid

Constipation

A flat, pinhead size, wingless parasitic insect that sucks blood and settles on the scalp of people

Head Lice

Treatment for Head Lice

1. Permethrin 2. Pyrethrin

Tiny, oval shaped and white/clear dots flakes found on the scalp

Dandruff

Give 2 OTC Herbal drugs

1. Vitex negundo L. (LAGUNDI) 2. Blumea balsamifera (SAMBONG)

Herbal diuretic

Blumea balsamifera L. Brand names: 1. Re-leaf forte 2. Mia forte

Herbal Cough remedy and anti-asthma

Vitex negundo L. Brand names: 1. Ascof 2. Plemex