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CEE 1 > [ORAL EXAM] Org Chem > Flashcards

[ORAL EXAM] Org Chem Flashcards

1
Q

Methyl Alcohol AKA

A

Wood Alcohol

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2
Q

Toxicity of Methyl Alcohol

A

Blindness or Optic nerve damage

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3
Q

Treatment of Methyl Alcohol Toxicity

A

Ethanol

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4
Q

What causes the toxicity of methyl alcohol

A

Oxidation by alcohol dehydrogenase forming formic acid and formaldehyde

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5
Q

Ethyl Alcohol AKA

A

Grain Alcohol

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6
Q

Ethyl Alcohol is oxidized by the body by?

A

Acetaldehyde

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7
Q

Isopropyl Alcohol AKA

A

2-propanol

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8
Q

What functional group does water have similar structure with?

A

Ether

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9
Q

R-SH

A

Thiol

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10
Q

R-S-R

A

Thioether (sulfides)

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11
Q

What has weaker covalent bond?

a. Carbon-Sulfur
b. Carbon-Oxygen

A

a. Carbon-Sulfur

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12
Q

Carbon double-bonded to an oxygen atom

A

Carbonyl

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13
Q

What is possible?

Cyclic Aldehydes or Cyclic Ketones?

A

Cyclic Ketones

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14
Q

True or False?

Cyclic Ketones are heterocyclic ring systems

A

False

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15
Q

Simplest aldehyde

A

Formaldehyde

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16
Q

Formaldehyde is synthesized by the oxidation of what?

A

Methanol

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17
Q

used to preserve biological specimens

A

Formalin

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18
Q

Simplest ketone

A

Acetone

  • Colorless liquid with mild sweet odor
  • Major component of nail polish remover
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19
Q

Patients with diabetes produce large amounts of what?

A

Acetone

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20
Q

A male sex hormone, steroidal ketone

A

Testosterone

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21
Q

Aldehydes

how many carbons for gas
how many carbons for liquid
how many carbons for solid

A

Gas: C1-C2
Liquid: C3-C11
Solid: C12 and more

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22
Q

Color of lower mass Ketones

A

Colorless liquids

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23
Q

Produced by mild oxidation of primary alcohols

A

Aldehyde

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24
Q

Produced by mild oxidation of secondary alcohols

A

Ketone

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25
What oxidizes primary and secondary alcohols
KMno4 and K2Cr2O7
26
What elements are used for reducing alcohols
Ni, Pt, Cu
27
Produced by reduction of Aldehydes
Primary Alcohol
28
Produced by reduction of Ketones
Secondary Alcohol
29
Tollens reagent is composed of?
AgNO3 NH3
30
Silver mirror test
Tollens Test
31
What does silver mirror test identify?
Detect aldehydes
32
Benedict's Test oxidizing agent
Cu2
33
What color does Benedict's solution form?
Forms Cu2O Color: Brick-red precipitate
34
acid with 1 -COOH group
Monocarboxylic acids
35
acid with 2 -COOH group
Dicarboxylic acids
36
Vinegar, Spermatocidal
Acetic Acid
37
Used as an antifungal agent
Benzoic Acid
38
Used as a keratolytic agent
Salicylic Acid
39
cyclic form of Amides
Lactam
40
Vinegar is how many percent acetic acid
4%-8%
41
Found in spinach and Cabbage
Oxalic Acid
42
HOOC-COOH
Oxalic Acid
43
Used to remove rust, bleach straw and leather and ink stains
Oxalic Acid
44
WHAT ARE THE PHYSICAL STATES OF THESE CARBOXYLIC ACIDS? a. Straight chain carboxylic acids with 1-9 Carbons b. Straight chain carboxylic acids with 10 or more carbons
1-9C = Liquid, Strong Odor 10C+ = Waxy Solid, No Odor
45
Organic derivative of Ammonia (NH3)
Amine
46
Nitrogen with 1 R group
Primary Amine
47
Nitrogen with 2 R group
Secondary Amine
48
Nitrogen with 3 R group
Tertiary Amine
49
Functional group that resembles raw fish odor
Amine
50
How many carbons is infinitely soluble in water for Amines?
6 or less
51
Involved in transmission of nerved impulses
Acetylcholine
52
Deficiency of this may cause Parkinsons Disease
Dopamine
53
Involved in sleep, sensory perception in mental Illness
Serotonin
54
Helps maintain muscle tone in blood vessels
Norepinephrine
55
Increases rate and force of heart contraction and muscular strength
Epinephrine
56
Responsible for unpleasant effects during Allergies
Histamine
57
Nitrogen-containing organic compounds excreted from plant materials
Alkaloid
58
Isolated from cinchona tree bark used to treat malaria
Quinine
59
Isolated from the belladonna plant used as a preoperative muscle relaxant
Atropine
60
Sleep hormone
Melatonin
61
Analgesic (Paracetamol)
Acetaminophen
62
Sedative/Hypnotic/Anxiolytic
Barbiturates
63
2 reactants react together to form a single product with no left over
Addition
64
Breaks double bond
Addition
65
Addition of HC
Hydrogenation
66
Addition of Halogen
Halogenation
67
Two products are possible but one product usually predominates
Unsymmetrical
68
addition of hydrogen halide
Hydrohalogenation
69
H2O incorporated in HC
Hydration
70
Formation of double bonds; Single reactant splits into 2 products
Elimination
71
removal of a hydrohalogen
Dehydrohalogenation
72
removal of water
Dehydration
73
H-rich carbon becomes richer
Markovnikov's Rule
74
formation of double bonding will attach to the hydrogen-poor beta carbon
Zaitsev's Rule
75
Reaction with Oxygen gas to form CO2 and H2O
Combustion
76
Exchange of one atom or molecular fragment
Substitution
77
Change of shape of a molecule without gain or loss of any atoms
Isomerization
78
Same molecular formula but different arrangement
Isomers
79
diff. arrangement of Carbon atoms Isomer
Chain Isomer
80
diff. position of substituent or double bond Isomer
Positional Isomer
81
diff. Functional group Isomer
Functional Isomer
82
Isomers with Cis, Trans, [Z], [E]
Geometric Isomers
83
Optical Isomers: Mirror Image = Yes Superimposable = No
Enantiomer
84
Optical Isomers: Mirror Image = No Superimposable = No
Diastereomer
85
Optical Isomers: Mirror Image = Yes Superimposable = Yes
Meso Compound
86
Diastereomers that is almost identical but only differ in ONE chiral carbon
Epimers
86
Differ only in the anomeric Carbon
Anomer
87
Alpha or beta: OH position is up
Beta
87
Alpha or beta: OH position is down
Alpha

CEE 1 (12 decks)

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