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Eq SX Final > Oral cavity - Smith > Flashcards

Oral cavity - Smith Flashcards

1
Q

Apical part of tooth

A

Tooth root

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2
Q

Coronal part of tooth

A

Crown, I think it’s under gums

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3
Q

Occludal part of tooth

A

Erupted portion

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4
Q

Maxillary cheek have

A

Buccal/palatal sides

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5
Q

Mandibular cheek teeth have

A

Buccal/lingual sides

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6
Q

Interdental spaces of cheek teeth are

A

Rostral or caudal

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7
Q

Maxillary incisors have

A

Labial/palatal sides

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8
Q

Mandibular incisors have

A

Labial/lingual sides

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9
Q

Interdental spaces of incisors are

A

Mesial/disal aspects

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10
Q

Type of teeth horses have

A

Hypsodont teeth

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11
Q

Hypsodont teeth

A
  1. High crowned teeth

2. Enamel extending past gum line

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12
Q

Anatomic crown

A

Part of tooth covered by enamel

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13
Q

Clinical crown

A

I don’t know what he means by this

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14
Q

Reserve crown

A

What you can’t see

  • Alveolar
  • Gingival
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15
Q

Eruption/wear rate

A

2-3 mm/yr

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16
Q

Attrition

A

Tooth wear due to multiple factors

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17
Q

Occlusal surface

A
  1. Cementum-cementoblasts
  2. Enamel-ameleoblasts
  3. Dentin-ondontoblasts
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18
Q

Pulp

A
  1. Connective tissue skeleton
    - odontoblasts
    - vasculature
    - lymphatics
    - nerves
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19
Q

Common pulp

A
  1. Separate pulp horn -> 1 yr

2. Roots -> 2 yrs

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20
Q

Number pulp horns Incisors/canines

A

One

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21
Q

Number pulp horns CT 7-10

A

Five

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22
Q

Number pulp horns CT 6, Mandibular 11

A

Six

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23
Q

Number pulp horns Maxillary 11

A

Seven

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24
Q

Triadan classification

A

Deciduous teeth 24 teeth
-500s, 600s, 700s, 800s
Permanent teeth 36-44 teeth
-100s, 200s, 300, 400s

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25
Q

Aging

A

Occlusal surface, lower incisors

  • Dental star = pulp cavity
  • Infundibular cup
  • Enamel spot = apical aspect infundibulum
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26
Q

General features of aging

A
  1. change in shape of occlusal surface
  2. Direction of upper and lower incisors
  3. Lengths vs width of upper corner incisor
  4. Hook of upper corner incisor (7-13 yrs) 7 yr notch
  5. Galvaynes groove
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27
Q

Galvaynes groove

A 
10 yrs - start to see it upper corner incisor
15 yrs - halfway down tooth
20 yrs - all the way down tooth
25 yrs - halfway gone
30 yrs - gone
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28
Q

Incisor wear pattern depends on

A
  1. Individual variation
  2. Diet
  3. Environment
  4. Eruption times
  5. Mineralization rates
  6. Depth of enamel infundibulum
  7. Behavior
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29
Q

Canines

A
  1. Don’t have deciduous canines
  2. Eruption at 4-6 yrs
  3. May not be present in females
  4. Long reserve crown
  5. Pulp cavity within 5 mm occlusal surface
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30
Q

Wolf teeth

A
  1. Brachydonts
  2. May be deciduous
  3. Maxillary more common than mandibular
    * Make sure you get all of the reserve crown (up to 30mmlong)
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31
Q

Cheek teeth eruption: premolars

A
  1. Deciduous - 1st week
  2. Permanent
    06 at 2.5 yrs
    07 at 3 yrs
    08 at 4 yrs
32
Q

Cheek teeth eruption: molars

A 
NO DECIDUOUS
Permanent
09 at 1 yr
10 at 2 yrs
11 at 3.5 yrs
33
Q

Wider arcade

A

Maxillary arcade

34
Q

Nerve Blocks

A
  1. Maxillary
  2. Infraorbital
  3. Mandibular
  4. Mental
35
Q

Schedule of dental exams

A
  1. First 30 days
  2. Prior to training
  3. 2.5-3 yrs old
  4. Every 6-12 mos after
36
Q

Most malocclusions start within

A

First 5 years of life

37
Q

Dental chart

A
  1. Standard of care
  2. Legal document
  3. Signalment
  4. Dental hx
  5. Oral exam
  6. Dental procedures
  7. Proposed future care
  8. At home instructions
38
Q

Patient observation

A
  1. Stable management
  2. Vices
  3. Hair coat
  4. Body condition
  5. Visual exam
  6. Mastication
  7. Feces
39
Q

Extra oral exam

A
  1. Gross abnormalities - symmetry
  2. Palpation
    -Mandible
    -Maxillary region
    -TMJ
    -Salivary glands
    -Lymph nodes
  3. Sinus percussion
  4. Nasal passages
    -airflow
    -odor
    -discharge
    5 Tongue/tongue tonw
40
Q

Oral exam: Soft tissue

A
  1. Palate
  2. Tongue
  3. Buccal mucosa
41
Q

Oral exam: Teeth

A
  1. Conformation
  2. Position
  3. Number
  4. Abnormalities
42
Q

Oral Exam Dental pick

A

Periodontal pockets - 0.5-12 mm normal

Pulp horns

43
Q

Oral exam palpation of arcades

A
  1. Height
  2. Stability
  3. Occlusal surface
  4. Interdental space
44
Q

Oral exam don’t forget

A

visual exam with mirror

45
Q

Brachygnathism

A

Parrot mouth, overjet, smile

  • rostral 106/206 hooks
  • caudal 311/411 hooks
46
Q

Prognathism

A

Sow mouth, underjet, frown

  • rostral 306/406 hooks
  • caudal 111/211 hooks
47
Q

hypodontia

A

missing teeth-rare

48
Q

polydontia

A
  1. supernumerary
  2. incisors more common than CT
  3. Maxillary incisors
  4. Caudal maxillary CT
  5. Canine and wolf teeth are rare
49
Q

Retention of deciduous incisors

A
  1. Permanent tooth develops lingually ush
  2. May need rads
  3. Permanent changes in position is retained long enough
50
Q

Retention of deciduous cheek teeth

A
  1. Source of discomfort

2. Predisposes to eruption cysts and apical infections

51
Q

Tooth extraction

A
  1. Consider if contralateral cap is shed

2. Premature extraction may predispose to infundibular cement hypoplasia

52
Q

Wry nose

A

Shortening/deviation of incisive and maxillary bones

  • airflow disturbances
  • not great progn
53
Q

Abnormalities of wear

A
  1. Cheek teeth enamel overgrowths
  2. Shear mouth
  3. Wave mouth
  4. Step mouth
  5. Smooth mouth
54
Q

Cheek teeth enamel overgrowths

A

Anisognathia

  1. Grain diets
  2. Breed related
  3. Soft tissue ulceration
  4. Bitting problems
  5. Quidding
55
Q

Shear mouth

A

Perpetuation of CT overgrowths

  • restricts side to side motion
  • leads to quidding
  • leads to peridontal dz
56
Q

Wave mouth

A

Undulating occlusal surfaces in rostrocaudal direction

  • restricts mastication
  • predisposes to other dental disorders
  • age related
57
Q

Possible etiology of wave mouth

A
  1. Periodontal disease
  2. Different eruption time
  3. Focal overgrowth
  4. Diastema
58
Q

Step mouth

A

Rectagular or triangular shaped overgrowth

59
Q

Etiology step mouth

A
  1. CT extraction
  2. CT maleruption
  3. Diastemata
60
Q

Step mouth can lead to

A

Wave mouth or shear mouth

61
Q

Smooth mouth

A

Loss or reductio of enamel ridges

  • insufficient enamel infolding
  • absence of CT infundibula
  • enamel dysplasia
  • age-related
62
Q

Diastemata Primary

A

Inadequate rostrocaudal CT angulation

63
Q

Diastemata Secondary

A
  1. Overcrowding

2. Secondary to loss or displacement of CT

64
Q

Diastemata closed/valve

A
  1. Periodontal dz
  2. Osteomyelitis
  3. Oromaxillary fistula
65
Q

Diastema open

A

sljf]fsdfmsaj

66
Q

Periodontal disease

A
  1. Inflammation of :
    - gingiva/periodontal ligament/ cementum/ alveolar bone
  2. Ush secondary to
    - displaced CT/ Diastemata
67
Q

Examples periodontal dz/sequelae

A
  1. Periodontal food pocketing
  2. Osteomyelitis
  3. Pulp infection
  4. Apical infection
68
Q

Pulpitis

A
  1. Does not indicate tooth death-can be sealed by dentin
  2. Higher liklihood of death if
    - multiple horns affected
    - marked dental caries
    - probe depth > 2 cm
69
Q

Apical infections

A

young horses, cause of pulpar exposure, something about fractures

70
Q

Apical infection CS

A 
Variable
Maxillary CT 6-8
-maxillary swelling, sinus tracts, nasal discharge not as common
Maxillary CT 9-11
-sinusitis
Mandibular
-Mandibular swelling, sinus tract
71
Q

Corrective dental procedures levels

A

Level 1 - dental prophylaxis
Level 2 - performance dentistry
Level 3 - corrective dentistry
Level 4 - Oral/dental sx

72
Q

Goals of corrective dental procedures

A
  1. Relieve discomfort from sharp enamel points
  2. Reduce dental elongations
  3. Improve mastication
  4. Alleviate stress on worn teeth
  5. Prevent discomfort and improve performance
73
Q

Dental prophylaxis 107-110, 207-210

A

Straight head

74
Q

Dental prophylaxis 110, 111, 210, 211

A

Upward 10-15 degree head

75
Q

Dental prophylaxis 106, 107, 206, 207

A

Outward 20 degree head

76
Q

Dental prophylaxis 306-310, 406-410

A

Straight, offset head

77
Q

Dental prophylaxis 311, 411

A

Back molar float

Eq SX Final (16 decks)

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