Larynx - McCarrel Flashcards
1
Q
Laryngeal cartilages
A
- Epiglottis
- Arytenoids
- Thyroid
- Cricoid
2
Q
Anatomy of the Arytenoid cartilages
A
- Corniculate process
- Muscular process
- Vocal process
- Articular process
3
Q
Larynx intrinsic m.m.
A
- Crycoarytenoideus dorsalis
- Cricoarytenoideus lateralis
- Thyroarytenoideus
- Arytenoideus transversus
- Cricothyroid
4
Q
Larynx extrinsic m.m.
A
- Thyrohyoid
- Hyoepiglotticus
- Cricopharyngeus
- Thyropharyngeus
- Sternothyroideus
5
Q
Recurrent laryngeal neuropathy
A
- Onset young TB and draft horses
- Loss of large myelinated fibers of RLN
- ADDucters affected before CAD (ABDucter)
6
Q
Recurrent laryngeal neuropathy CS
A
- Roaring
- Poor performance
7
Q
Recurrent laryngeal neuropathy DX
A
- Laryngeal palpation
- prominent left muscular process - Resting endoscopy Grade I-IV
8
Q
RLN TX
A
- Prosthetic laryngoplasty (tie-back)
- Partial arytenoidectomy
- Laryngeal innervation (neuromuscular pedicle graft)
- Ventriculectomy, vocalcordectomy, ventriculocordectomy
9
Q
RLN TX complications
A
- Incisional infection
- Abduction loss
- Aspiration pneumonia
- Dysphagia
- Persistent cough
- Arytenoid chondritis
10
Q
RLN prognosis
A
Tie back
- racehorse 50-70%
- performance 85-95%
11
Q
Laryngeal dysplasia presentation
A
Similar to RLN
12
Q
Laryngeal dysplasia DX
A
- Laryngeal palpation-abnormal cartilages
- Resting endoscopy
- right/bilateral laryngeal hemiplasia
- rostral displacement of palatopharyngeal arch (not pathopneumonic)
13
Q
Laryngeal dysplasia DX
A
- Laryngeal ultrasound
- absence of cricothyroid articulation
- lateral thyroid laminal dorsal to muscular process
- abnormal location of CAL
14
Q
Arytenoid chondritis
A
- partial arytenoidectomy
- permanent trach
15
Q
Epiglottic entrapment
A
Axial division of aryepiglottic fold
