Oral cavity esophagus and stomach Flashcards
oral cavity epithelium
Keratinized stratified squamous: gingiva (gums), hard palate (rooth of the mouth), dorsal surface of the tongue
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous: ventral surface of the tongue, floor of the mouth, mucosal surface of the lips and cheeks
Filiform papillae
long thread-like shape, partially keratinized
Fungiform papillae
mushroom-shaped projections contain taste buds
Circumvallate papillae
dome-shape structure, contain taste buds
Foliate papillae
small lateral folds of the mucosa, contain taste buds
Enamel
amelogengin, enamelin, hydroxyapatite crystals, ameloblasts
Dentin
predentin (type I collagen, glycosaminoglycans), hydroxyapatite crystals, odontoblasts
tooth layers
Enamel Dentin Cementum: cellular and acellular Periodontal ligament Gingiva Aveolar process (bone) Dental pulp
Minor Salivary Glands
- lingual, palantine, etc. located in the submucosa of the oral cavity.
- have short ducts which empty directly to the oral cavity.
Saliva
alpha amylase, lysozyme, secretory IgA, bicarbonate ion, water
Ducts of Major salivary glands
- Intercalated duct: (secrete bicarbonate ion, absorb chloride ion from the acinar product)
- Striated duct: reabsorption of sodium ion from the primary secretion, addition of potassium to the secretion
- Excretory Interlobular duct
Parotid gland
serous
Submandibular gland
mixed
Sublingual gland
predominant mucous component
Taste buds
present on the fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate papillae and in the oral and pharyngeal mucosa
Teeth
ameloblasts producing enamel, and odontoblasts producing dentin.
layers of the esophagus
-Mucosae (epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae -Submucosae (CT) -Muscularis Externa -Adventitia (CT) or Serosa (CT and epithelium)
Muscularis externa of esophagus
(inner circular, outer longitudinal)
a. ) upper esophagus: striated muscle
b. ) middle esophagus: striated and smooth muscle
c. ) lower esophagus: smooth muscle
Adventitia in what area of esophagus
upper and middle esophagus
Serosa in what part of esophagus
lower esophagus
Esophago/gastric junction
an important site of common diseases: ulceration, Barrett’s esophagus and cancer.
Barrett’s Esophagus
Reflux of gastric acid secretions into the lower esophagus leads to changes of the stratified squamous epithelium to a gastric-type epithelium (simple columnar epithelium).
Ruga
a longitudinal fold of gastric mucosa and submucosa
Gastric Epithelium
Surface mucous cells (mucus cap)
Gastric Gland Epithelium:
- Mucous neck cells (soluble mucus)
- Parietal cells (HCl)
- Chief cells (pepsinogen)
- Enteroendocrine cells (hormones)
- Stem cells
The layer of mucus that lines the human stomach is a natural habitat of
H. Pylori
Parietal cell produces
HCL and intrinsic factor (exocrine)
Chief cell
zymogen granules contain pepsinogen and lipase (exocrine)
Enteroendocrine cell
membrane-bound secretory granules near the capillary
