Male Repro 2 Flashcards
Spermatogenesis is the process of differentiation from a diploid spermatogonia to a haploid spermatozoa through the process of
meiosis and differentiation (elongation)
Spermatocytogenesis refers to the early stages in the process,
developing primary spermatocytes from spermatogonia
Spermiation is the later process of development of
spermatozoa from spermatids
Mitotic division occurs up through the
type b spermatogonia.
After formation of primary spermatocytes, _________ begins in the adluminal compartment.
meiosis
The first meiotic division results in __________ and these divide in the second division to form _________
secondary spermatocytes; spermatids
AFTER THE FORMATION OF SPERMATIDS
NO FURTHER DIVISION OCCURS.
The early spermatids differentiate into
elongated spermatids and the mature sperm
The development of germ cells is not synchronized throughout the tubule. This allows for
a constant production of sperm.
The epithelium of the tubuli recti is made up of sertoli cells which become more _______ as you move towards the rete testis
cuboidal
The efferent duct is lined by
nonciliated cuboidal cells and ciliated columnar cells.
Both the epididymis and the efferent duct have a layer of smooth muscle to aid in
transport of the sperm.
The epididymis is lined by a _________ epithelium with basal cells and principal cells. Stereocilia project into the lumen.
pseudostratified columnar
The epididymis absorbs a large proportion of the fluid to help ________. This organ also produces glycerophosphocolin which inhibits _______. (A maturation process which is completed in the female tract to allow for fertilization).
concentrate the sperm; capacitation
Sperm leaving the epididymis enters the vas deferens which is lined by a ________ epithelium, similar to the epididymis, for most of its length.
pseudostratified columnar
The vas deferens is surrounded by smooth muscle organized into 3 layers. When the vas reaches the prostate gland it expands into the _______ which enters the prostate gland and empties into the __________.
ejaculatory duct; prostatic urethra
The ejaculatory duct is lined by _______ epithelium and lacks smooth muscle
simple columnar
layers of the vas deferens include
the epithelium, loose connective tissue and the smooth muscle
ASSOCIATED WITH THE VAS DEFERENS IN THE SPERMATIC CORD IS THE
PAMPINIFORM VEINS.
The pampiniform veins play an important role in the counter current exchange of heat which helps to keep the testis cooler than body temperature.
The walls of these veins contain a longitudinal layer of smooth muscle in the _______.
tunica adventitia
The prostatic urethra is embedded within the prostate gland. Its epithelial lining is ________ and entering into it are the ducts of the
of the transitional type; prostate gland and the paired ejaculatory ducts.
After leaving the prostate gland the urethra penetrates the diaphragm as the membranous urethra, lined by
stratified and pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
The penile urethra begins as the urethra enters the penis. The portion is surrounded by the corpus sponiosum and for most of its length is lined by _______. Stratified squamous epithelium lines the terminal part the urethra, the _________.
stratified and pseudostratified columnar epithelium with some stratified squamous.; navicular fossa
Associated with the urethra are mucous secreting
glands of littre
The bulk of the penis is made up of erectile tissue organized as
the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum
During erection, a parasympathetic response, the arteriovenous anastamoses constrict diverting blood into the _______ contained within the corpora.
helical arteries
The seminal vesicle are a pair of very tortuose tubular glands which secret fluid rich in ______, an energy source for sperm. The lumen is lined by _________.
fructose; pseudostratified columnar epithelium
The tubule is surrounded by
fibroelastic connective tissue and by two layers of smooth muscle, innercircular and outer longitudinal.
The prostate gland provides a large amount of the fluid of the semen. The glands are lined by _________.
simple to pseudostratified columnar epithelium
The stroma is made up of _______. The primary secretory products include citric acid, fibrinolysin and prostate specific antigen (psa). Psa is normally _____ in the serum however in prostate cancer there is an _______ which can be detected through a blood test.
connective tissue and smooth muscle; low; increase in psa
