Oral Cavity and Pharynges Flashcards
When swallowing, what happens to the soft palate and the uvula?
they elevate to close off the opening of the nasopharynx
What is the term for the opening between the oral cavity and the oropharynx?
fauces
what are the fauces bounded by?
paired muscular folds: glossopalatine arch and the pharyngopalatine arch
where are the palatine tonsils housed?
between the glossopalatine and pharyngopalatine arch
how does the inferior surface of the tongue attach to the floor of the oral cavity?
by the lingual frenulum
what are the three different types of salivary glands?
parotid gland, submandibular gland, and sublingual gland
how is the parotid salivary gland innervated?
parasympathetic axons in CN IX
how is the submandibular gland innervated?
parasympathetic axons in CN VII
How is the sublingual gland innervated?
parasympathetic axons in CN VII
where is the parotid gland located?
anterior and inferior to the ear, partially overlying the masseter muscle
where does the parotid duct open into?
into the oral vestibule next to the second upper molar
Which salivary gland produces the most saliva?
submandibular gland
where does the submandibular gland duct open into?
in the floor of the mouth on the lateral sides of the lingual frenulum
What is the first step in chemical digestion?
when amylase in saliva begins to break down carbohydrates
What does saliva contain that helps inhibit bacterial growth in the oral cavity?
antibodies and lysozyme
what is the first part of mechanical digestion?
ingestion/mastication
what are the dental alveoli?
sockets within the alveolar processes of both the maxillae and mandible
the roots, dental alveoli, and the periodontal ligament form what kind of joint?
gomphosis joint
how many baby teeth do we have?
20
how many permanent teeth do we have?
32
which pharynx gets larger when swallowing?
the oralpharynx
which pharynx gets smaller when swallowing?
the laryngopharynx
what do you find if you remove the mucosa and the palatine tonsil?
the glossopharyngeal nerve and the tonsillar branch of the facial artery
what is the vascularization of the palatine tonsil?
tonsilar branch of the ascending palatine artery and the tonsilar branch of the facial artery
what is the tensor veli palatini innervated by?
CN V3
what is the action of the tensor veli palatini?
it tenses the soft palate and it acts on the pharyngotympanic tube, which depressurizes the middle ear
what is the levator veli palatini innervated by?
the pharyngeal plexus of CN X (vagus nerve)
what is the action of the levator veli palatini?
it elevates the tensed palate and acts on the pharyngotympanic tube
what happens if you have paralysis of the tensor veli palatini or the levator veli palatini muscles?
it can lead to reflux of the oral contents into the nasal cavity and pharyngotympanic tube dysfunction
when looking at the posterior head/neck, you see the facial nerve- what is it coming out of?
the stylomastoid foramen
