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Endocrine Pharmacology > Oral Antidiabetic Drugs 2 > Flashcards

Oral Antidiabetic Drugs 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Inhibit Glucagon secretion

A

Metformin

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2
Q

Inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis

A

Metformin

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3
Q

Inhibit intestinal absorption of glucose

A

Metformin

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4
Q

Increase Glucose uptake by skeletal muscle

A

Metformin

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5
Q

Increase anaerobic glycolysis in peripheral tissues

A

Metformin

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6
Q

Improve insulin sensitivity in periphery by increasing binding to its receptors

A

Metformin

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7
Q

Used with obese diabetic patient

A

Metformin

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8
Q

Can be used with sulphonylureas or insulin

A

Metformin

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9
Q

No hypoglycemia

A

Metformin

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10
Q

Git disturbances, lactic acidosis and long use of it cause decrease absorption of vitamin B 12
Are adverse effects of which drug

A

Metformin

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11
Q

They activate nuclear PPAR receptors in adipose tissue skeletal muscle and liver

A

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)

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12
Q

That are insulin sensitizer by improving target cell response to insulin

A

Thiazolidinediones

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13
Q

Increase no of glucose transporter

A

Thiazolidinediones

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14
Q

Decrease hepatic glucose output

A

Thaizolidinediones

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15
Q

Decrease free fatty acids levels

A

Thiazolidinediones

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16
Q

Used as monotherapy or with sulfonylureas or metformin

A

Thiazolidinediones

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17
Q

Effective in highly resistant patients

A

Thiazolidinediones

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18
Q

It has slow onset and its effect appears after 1-2 month

A

Thiazolidinediones

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19
Q

From its side effect is weight gain

A

Thaizolidinediones

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20
Q

Increase risk of myocardial infarction and death

A

Thiazolidinediones

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21
Q

From its side effect is peripheral edema

A

Thiazolidinediones

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22
Q

From its side effect is hepatotoxicity

A

Thiazolidinediones

23
Q

From its side effect is
Osteoporosis and fracture

A

Thiazolidinediones

24
Q

Has teratogenic effect

A

Thaizolidinediones

25
Q

Increase in LDL

A

Thiazolidinediones

26
Q

Inhibit alpha glucosidase in the intestinal brush reduce glucose absorption

A

Alpha glucosidase inhibitors
👉🏻 Miglitol
👉🏻 Acarbose

27
Q

They decrease post prandial glucose

A

Miglitol and acarbose ( alpha glucosidase inhibitors)

28
Q

Used as monotherapy or combination with sulfonylureas, insulin and metformin

A

Alpha glucosidase inhibitors
Miglitol
Acarbose

29
Q

From it’s side effects are
Diarrhea
Flatulence

A

Alpha glucosidase inhibitors
Miglitol
Acarbose

30
Q

Inhibit enzyme DPP-IV which is responsible for inactivation of incretin hormones such as glucagon like peptide1 (GLP-1)

A

Dipeptidyl peptidase -iv inhibitors ( DPP-IV)
Sitagliptin
Vildagliptin
Saxagliptin

31
Q

Increase release of insulin in response to meals

A

Dpp IV inhibitors
Sitagliptin
Saxagliptin
Vildagliptin

32
Q

Decrease glucagon secretion

A

Sitagliptin
Vildagliptin
Saxagliptin

33
Q

Used as monotherapy or with metformin
Thiazolidinediones
Insulin

A

Sitagliptin
Vildagliptin
Saxagliptin

34
Q

From their adverse effects
Headache
Diarrhea
Upper respiratory infection
Pancreatitis
Expensive

A

Sitagliptin
Vildagliptin
Saxagliptin

35
Q

From it’s side effect is upper respiratory infection

A

Dpp IV inhibitors
Sitagliptin
Vildagliptin
Saxagliptin

36
Q

From its side effects is pancreatitis

A

Sitagliptin
Vildagliptin
Saxagliptin

37
Q

They are expensive

A

Sitagliptin
Vildagliptin
Saxagliptin

38
Q

Enhance glucose dependent insulin secretion

A

GLP-1
Exenatide
Liraglutide

39
Q

Inhibit glucagon secretion

A

Exenatide
Liraglutide
Pramlintide

40
Q

Inhibit hepatic glucose production

A

Exenatide
Liraglutide

41
Q

Slow gastric emptying

A

Exenatide
Liraglutide

42
Q

Increases satiety resulting in less food intake

A

Exenatide
Liraglutide

43
Q

Has short duration given twice before meals

44
Q

Has long duration given once daily

A

Liraglutide

45
Q

Causes
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea or constipation

A

Exenatide
Liraglutide

46
Q

Delay gastric emptying

A

Pramlintide

47
Q

Synthetic amylin analogue

A

Pramlintide

48
Q

Promote satiety

A

Pramlintide

49
Q

Used as adjunct therapy with or without SFU AND MET T2DM in patients mealtime insulin

A

Pramlintide

50
Q

New class of oral drugs to treat type 2 DM

A

SGLT2 inhibitors
Canagliflozin
Dapagliflozin
Empagliflozin

51
Q

They inhibit SGLT2 at PCT prevent reabsorption of glucose increase renal excretion of glucose in urine

A

Canagliflozin
Dapagliflozin
Empagliflozin

52
Q

Reduce blood glucose levels

A

Canagliflozin
Dapagliflozin
Empagliflozin

53
Q

From there side effects is
Urinary tract effect and female genital infection

A

Canagliflozin
Dapagliflozin
Empagliflozin

54
Q

Induce hypotension and tiredness

A

Canagliflozin
Dapagliflozin
Empagliflozin

Endocrine Pharmacology (6 decks)

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