Insulin

Question 1

Stimulatory drugs of insulin

Answer 1

Sulfonylureas
Meglitinide
Nateglinide
Acetylcholine

Question 2

Inhibitor drugs of insulin

Answer 2

Diazoxide
Phenytoin
Vinblastine
Colchicine and

Question 3

Effect of insulin on liver

Answer 3

Inhibit glycogenolysis
Inhibit conversion of fatty acids into amino acids
Inhibit conversion of amino acids to glucose

Question 4

Anabolic action of insulin

Answer 4

Promote glucose storage as glycogen
Inc triglycerides synthesis and VLDL

Question 5

Effect of insulin on muscle

Answer 5

Increase protein synthesis
Inc glucose transport
Induce glycogen synthase

Question 6

Rapid acting preparations of insulin

Answer 6

Lispro
Aspart
Glusinine

Question 7

Rapid acting mixed with

Answer 7

Long acting insulin

Question 8

Given 15 min after meal or immediately after meals

Answer 8

Rapid acting insulin

Question 9

Shirt acting insulin

Answer 9

Regular insulin

Question 10

Give it 30 min before meal

Answer 10

Short acting
(Regular insulin)( soluble)

Question 11

Natural unmodifiable insulin identical to human insulin made by recombinant DNA technique

Answer 11

Regular insulin

Question 12

Regular insulin is mixed with

Answer 12

NPH

Question 13

Intermediate acting insulin

Answer 13

NPH (isophane)
Neutral protamine hagedorn insulin

Question 14

Has Delayed absorption from its conjugation with protamine forming less soluble complex

Answer 14

Intermediate acting insulin

Question 15

Used for basal control

Answer 15

Intermediate acting insulin

Question 16

Given with rapid or short acting insulin for mealtime

Answer 16

Intermediate acting insulin
(NPH)

Question 17

Mixed with lispro or regular insulin in overnight

Given twice daily in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Answer 17

NPH

Question 18

Soluble peak less

Answer 18

Long acting insulin

Question 19

From long acting insulin are

Answer 19

Insulin glargine (lantus)
Insulin detemir ( levimir)
Insulin degludec

Question 20

Given only subcutaneous

Answer 20

Long acting insulin

Question 21

Have flat prolonged hypoglycemic effect with no peak

Answer 21

Long acting insulin
Lantus
Levemir

Question 22

That are not mixed with other insulin

Answer 22

Long acting insulin
Lantus
Levemir

Question 23

Indications of insulin

Answer 23

Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
Non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

(

Question 24

temporary use

Answer 24

infection, operations and pregnancy)

Question 25

Permanently use

Answer 25

NIDD with renal impairment
Emergency diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar diabetic coma

Question 26

Other uses of insulin

Answer 26

Hyperkalemia
Anorexia Nervosa
Test after gastrectomy

Question 27

Side effects of insulin
Local reaction

Answer 27

Local atrophy or hypertrophy of sc fat
Secondary infection
Hypersensitivity reaction

Question 28

systemic reaction

Answer 28

👉🏻Hypersensitivity due to change protamine containing insulin
👉🏻Insulin resistance due to high activity of insulinase or overproduction of insulin antibodies
👉🏻 Hypoglycemic coma
👉🏻 Somogyi effect
👉🏻 Weight gain

Question 29

Treatment of hypoglycemic coma

Answer 29

Patient conscious 👉🏻 oral glucose
Patient in coma
👉🏻IV glucose
👉🏻Flush the vein with saline to avoid thrombosis
👉🏻 Glucagon if sterile glucose isn’t available
👉🏻 Adrenaline if no alternative and no cvs contraindications

Question 30

Define somogyi effect

Answer 30

Rebound hyperglycemia due to excess release of counter regulatory hormones that follows insulin induced hypoglycemia during night