Oral anatomy and physiology Flashcards
What oral tissue provides a hard-wearing surface that can withstand regular abrasive contact ?
Epithelial membrane
What is the function of the soft palate?
- Works to seal the oral cavity from the nasal cavity when swallowing - Is attached to the back of the hard palate
What is the function of the tongue ? and what is its placement in the oral cavity ?
Aids in speech, taste, mastication, deglutition and cleaning
- Posterior one-third of the tongue lies in the throat and attached to the floor of the moth
- The body of the tongue is within the oral cavity and is attached by the lingula frenum
What is the function of teeth ?
Aids on mastication and digestion
What are the two sets of teeth we have during our life time ?
20 Deciduous [milk teeth] A-E
32 Permanent 1-8
- Central and lateral incisors, canines 1st 2nd premolars 1st 2nd 3rd molars
What tissue is enamel comprised of ?
Ameloblast
What is the dental tissue that is non-living and therefore cannot grow/repair itself
Enamel
What is the percentage of mineral crystals found in enamel and how Is its arrangement ?
ninety six percent mineral crystals [calcium hydroxyapatite][inorganic] arranged as prisms in an interprismatic substance
How is the colour of the tooth determined ?
Via dentine as enamel is translucent
What is the percentage of inorganic tissue found in dentine and what tissue is mainly composed of?
Up to Eighty percent inorganic tissues mainly calcium hydroxyapatite tissue
What issue is dentine comprised of ?
Odentoblast
What type of dental tissue is living and therefore can grow/repair itself ? using what?
Dentine via secondary dentine
What tissue is the cementum comprised of ?
Cementoblasts
What junction is formed between cementum+ root dentine contact ?
Dentinocemental
What dental tissue allows attachment of the root to the periodontal ligament ?
Cementum
What tissue is the Pulp comprised of ?
Odentoblats
Where does the pulp tissues enter through ?
via Apical foramen
What does the gingiva cover? and what is it attached to?
Attached gingiva covers the alveolar process [attached to the muscoperiosteum]
Where is the point of which periodontal disease can start ?
Area between the teeth and oral epithelium
What tissue is the periodontal ligament comprised of?
Fibrous tissue made up of collagen
What does the periodontal ligament do?
Attaches the teeth to the alveolar bone
What are the main types of fibres found in the periodontal ligament ?
Alveolar Crest fibres/ Horizontal fibres/ Oblique fibres/ Apical fibres/ Transseptal fibres/ Free gingival fibres
What is the purpose of the salivary gland? and what type of gland is it ?
Salivary glands produce saliva in the oral cavity via ducts (exocrine glands)
What are the types of saliva that are produced?
- Mucous saliva: thick/aids lubrication of the oral cavity and contains enzymes and minerals
+ - Serous saliva: thin/secretes antibodies and electrolytes [alkaline]
What is the largest salivary gland and what duct does it use ?
Parotid - deep in the muscle between the mandibular ramps and ear
Connected via Stenson duct
What is Paramyxovirus and what gland does it affect ?
Mumps
Affects the parotid gland
What is the longest gland ? and what duct does it use?
- Submandibular gland - located on the posterior area of the floor of the mouth beneath the mylohyoid muscle
- Wharton duct
Where are you likely to find Calculi?
Submandibular Gland
What gland is located on the floor of the moth above the mylohyoid muscle ?
Sublingual salivary gland
What are the major glands ?
Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual salivary gland
