Head and Neck Anatomy and physiology

Question 1

What are the main 3 areas the skull

Answer 1

Cranium, Face and Jaws

Question 2

What does the vertebral Atlas and Axis control ?

Answer 2

Atlas - Movement of the head up and down

Axis - Movement left and right

Question 3

What is the outer layer of bone made up of ?

Answer 3

Compact bone

Question 4

What is the inner layer of the bone made up of

Answer 4

Cancellous bone

Question 5

What is the name of the immovable joints that fixes the skull together?

Answer 5

Sutures

Question 6

What does the parietal bone form ?

Answer 6

The top and greater area of the sides of the cranium

Question 7

What does the Temporal bone form ?

Answer 7

Temple/lower area/ears

Question 8

Name the bone of the cranium that forms the back and partial underside ?

Answer 8

Occipital bone

Question 9

Name the bone of the cranium that forms the base and underside ?

Answer 9

Sphenoid bone

Question 10

Name the bone of the cranium that forms the front base behind the nose?

Answer 10

Ethmoid Bone

Question 11

What is the single bone behind the nasal cavity that connects the cranial and facial regions together ?

Answer 11

Vomer

Question 12

What is the name of the bones that forms the inner wall of the orbital cavities ?

Answer 12

Lacrimal bones

Question 13

What is the name of the pair of bones that from the bridge of the nose?

Answer 13

Nasal bones

Question 14

What is the name of the pair of bones that are found curled projecting into the nasal cavity ?

Answer 14

Nasal turbinates

Question 15

What is the name of the pair of bones that form the posterior section of the hard palate as well as the side wall of the nasal cavity ?

Answer 15

Palatine bones

Question 16

What is the names of the bones that articulate with the cranium posteriorly and extend anteriorly into the cheek bone to articulate with the maxilla ?

Answer 16

Zygomatic bones

Question 17

What is the maxilla ?

Answer 17

Upper jaw

Question 18

What is the floor of the nose + roof of the mouth formed by ?

Answer 18

Palatine bones

Question 19

What is the mandible?

Answer 19

Lower jaw

Question 20

What does the Ramus form on the mandible ?

Answer 20

Vertical section

Question 21

What does the body of the mandible form ?

Answer 21

Horizontal section

Question 22

What does the angle of the mandible join together ?

Answer 22

Body of the Mandible and ramus

Question 23

What is TMJ comprised of and where do it connect?

Answer 23

Temporal bone + Mandible bone

connects ate the head of condyle

Question 24

What is the Alveolar process ?

Answer 24

The dental alveoli holds the roots of the teeth in place

Question 25

What does the Mylohyoid ridge do ?

Answer 25

Attaches to form the floor of the mouth

Question 26

What does the External oblique ridge do ?

Answer 26

Marks the base of the alveolar process in that area

Question 27

What is the coronoid process

Answer 27

Is a triangular eminence projecting forward from the upper and front part of the ulna that prevents posterior dislocation

Question 28

What is the sigmoid notch ?

Answer 28

Is the gap between the coronoid process anteriorly and the condyloid process posteriorly

Question 29

What are the 4 muscles of mastication and what movement are they responsible for ?

Answer 29

Temporal - controls movement back/forth
Masseter - closes mandible
Lateral pterygoid forwards/sidewards
Medial pterygoid close mandible

Question 30

Difference in suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles? Name the suprahyoid muscles

Answer 30

Infrahyoid muscles lay beneath the bone
Suprahyoid muscles lay above the bone 
- Anterior belly of digastric 
- Mylohyoid 
- Geniohyoid