Head and Neck Anatomy and physiology Flashcards
What are the main 3 areas the skull
Cranium, Face and Jaws
What does the vertebral Atlas and Axis control ?
Atlas - Movement of the head up and down
Axis - Movement left and right
What is the outer layer of bone made up of ?
Compact bone
What is the inner layer of the bone made up of
Cancellous bone
What is the name of the immovable joints that fixes the skull together?
Sutures
What does the parietal bone form ?
The top and greater area of the sides of the cranium
What does the Temporal bone form ?
Temple/lower area/ears
Name the bone of the cranium that forms the back and partial underside ?
Occipital bone
Name the bone of the cranium that forms the base and underside ?
Sphenoid bone
Name the bone of the cranium that forms the front base behind the nose?
Ethmoid Bone
What is the single bone behind the nasal cavity that connects the cranial and facial regions together ?
Vomer
What is the name of the bones that forms the inner wall of the orbital cavities ?
Lacrimal bones
What is the name of the pair of bones that from the bridge of the nose?
Nasal bones
What is the name of the pair of bones that are found curled projecting into the nasal cavity ?
Nasal turbinates
What is the name of the pair of bones that form the posterior section of the hard palate as well as the side wall of the nasal cavity ?
Palatine bones
What is the names of the bones that articulate with the cranium posteriorly and extend anteriorly into the cheek bone to articulate with the maxilla ?
Zygomatic bones
What is the maxilla ?
Upper jaw
What is the floor of the nose + roof of the mouth formed by ?
Palatine bones
What is the mandible?
Lower jaw
What does the Ramus form on the mandible ?
Vertical section
What does the body of the mandible form ?
Horizontal section
What does the angle of the mandible join together ?
Body of the Mandible and ramus
What is TMJ comprised of and where do it connect?
Temporal bone + Mandible bone
connects ate the head of condyle
What is the Alveolar process ?
The dental alveoli holds the roots of the teeth in place
What does the Mylohyoid ridge do ?
Attaches to form the floor of the mouth
What does the External oblique ridge do ?
Marks the base of the alveolar process in that area
What is the coronoid process
Is a triangular eminence projecting forward from the upper and front part of the ulna that prevents posterior dislocation
What is the sigmoid notch ?
Is the gap between the coronoid process anteriorly and the condyloid process posteriorly
What are the 4 muscles of mastication and what movement are they responsible for ?
Temporal - controls movement back/forth
Masseter - closes mandible
Lateral pterygoid forwards/sidewards
Medial pterygoid close mandible
Difference in suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles? Name the suprahyoid muscles
Infrahyoid muscles lay beneath the bone Suprahyoid muscles lay above the bone - Anterior belly of digastric - Mylohyoid - Geniohyoid
