Option E - Tourism and sport at the international scale

Question 1

What is ‘niche tourism?’

Answer 1

special-interest tourism catering for relatively small numbers of tourists. There are many types of niche tourism

Question 2

What are the different types of niche tourism?

Answer 2

Heritage-tourism 
Ecotourism 
Agro-tourism 
Business tourism 
Medical tourism
Wilderness tourism 
Grey (“silver”) tourism
Tribal tourism
Dark tourism

Question 3

What are the factors that affect the growth of a tourist/leisure hotspot?

Answer 3

Natural landscape
Climate
Culture
Sporting events 
Government investment and planning

Question 4

What is ‘adventure tourism’?

Answer 4

a form of niche tourism that involves travel to a remote area and some level of perceived (sometimes real) risk.

Question 5

What is ‘movie location tourism’?

Answer 5

there are a number of links between places used in TV and film and their attraction for fans.

Question 6

What is ‘heritage tourism’?

Answer 6

travel to experience the place, artefacts, historic sites and indigenous people of an area. It is sometimes referred to as cultural tourism.

Question 7

What is the role of TNCs in expanding international tourism destinations?

Answer 7

LICs may not have all the infrastructure to develop their own tourist industry - rely on TNCs to organise and market these resources and products.

Question 8

What are the benefits of tourism as a national development?

Answer 8

Positive route towards economic development for poor countries
Overcome its problems of balance of payments
Provides opportunities to acquire new skills i.e. languages, catering and entertainment
Multiplier effect - income gained by local people is
Redistribute wealth globally, nationally and locally

Question 9

What are the costs of tourism as a national development?

Answer 9

depletion of resources
pollution
vulnerable to external and internal shocks

Question 10

What are the advantages of hosting international sporting events?

Answer 10

Prestige
Economic spin-offs
Unites the country and gives a sense of pride
Gives a boost to sports facilities and other facilities
Make a profit through sales of radio and TV rights, tickets and merchandise, spending in hotels, restaurants etc.

Question 11

What are the disadvantages of hosting international sporting events?

Answer 11

Financial problems
A large number of visitors puts a strain on hotels, transport and water supplies
Large events are security risks
The host country’s images suffers if the event does not do well