Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

med > Opthalmology > Flashcards

Opthalmology Flashcards

1
Q

What are drusen a sign of?

A

Dry age related macular degeneration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What name is given to the area with the highest density of photoreceptors?

A

Fovea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the name of the surgery for cataracts?

A

Phacoemulsification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does age-related macular degeneration px?

A

Central vision loss
Straight lines appear wavy
Poor night vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is wet age related macular degeneration treated?

A

Anti-VEGF injections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What Ix are useful in age related macular degeneration?

A

Amsler grid
Ocular coherence tomography (OCT)
Fluorescein angiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Treatment options for diabetic retinopathy

A

Laser
Anti-VEGF injections
Intravitreal steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does primary open angle glaucoma px?

A

Loss of peripheral vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ix for chronic glaucoma

A

Tonometry

Visual fields

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What drugs are used for chronic glaucoma?

A

Prostaglandin analogues - latanoprost

Beta blockers - timolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

SE of latanoprost

A

Increased eyelash length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Causes of Horners syndrome

A

Stroke, MS
Pancoast tumour
Carotid artery dissection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Px of Horners

A

Ptosis
Meiosis
Anhydrosis
pseudoenopthalmus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What drugs can be used to dilate the pupils

A

Tropicamide
Cyclopentolate
Atropine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When are pupil dilating drugs CI

A

Head injury
Contact lenses in situ
Risk of closed angle glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

4Cs of examining an optic disc

A

Colour
Contour
Cup
Circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Most common cause vitreous haemorrhage

A

Diabetic retinopathy

18
Q

What is the vascular layer of the eye called?

A

Choroid

19
Q

Risk factors for cataracts

A

Sunlight, ageing, alcohol, smoking, corticosteroids, DM

20
Q

What triad is characteristic of open angle glaucoma

A

Raised IOP > 21
Abnormal disc
VF defect

21
Q

Tests for open angle glaucoma

A

Tonometry
VF test
Fundoscopy

22
Q

Initial tx for CRAO

A

Ocular massage

Acetalozamide + anterior chamber paracentesis

23
Q

What sign on fundoscopy indicates retinal vein occlusion?

A

Flame haemorrhages

24
Q

What is first line mx for blepharitis, styes and chalazion?

A

Warm compress

25
Q

Which virus most commonly causes conjunctivitis?

A

Adenovirus

26
Q

Why should only specialist use steroids for red eye?

A

If viral (herpes simplex) keratitis - using steroids will cause an ulcer

27
Q

What is the tx for bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Chloramphenicol eye drops and fusidic acid (abx)

28
Q

What is keratitis inflammation of?

A

Cornea

29
Q

What sign indicates viral keratitis?

A

Dendritic shape that stains with fluorescein

30
Q

Which virus causes keratitis?

A

herpes simplex

31
Q

How does viral keratitis present?

A

Red eye
Foreign body sensation
Photophobia
Watery discharge

32
Q

What forms the uvea?

A

Iris
Ciliary body
Choroid

33
Q

Which conditions are associated with anterior uveitis?

A

Seronegative arthropathies
Sarcoidosis, syphilis
Behcet’s disease

34
Q

What signs suggest anterior uveitis?

A

Intense redness of globe
Irregular small pupil
Fluid level in anterior chamber

35
Q

How do you distinguish between episcleritis (common, benign) and scleritis?

A 
Epi = localized redness, no LOV, no discharge
Scleritis = very painful, associated loss of vision
36
Q

What test can be used to measure the drainage angle of the eye?

A

Gonioscopy

37
Q

How to tx acute close angle glaucoma if immeadaite referral impossible/

A

Lie flat
Pilocarpine eye drops to constrict
Acetazolamide oral

38
Q

Which red eye conditions cause pain and LOV?

A

Glaucoma
Keratitis
Scleritis

39
Q

What is an important cause of a third nerve palsy?

A

Posterior communicating artery aneurysm

40
Q

What is most common cause of optic disc cupping?

A

Glaucoma

med (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions