Opthalmology

Question 1

Primary open angle glaucoma

Answer 1

Chronic raised IOP
Mx medical, laser, or surgical

Question 2

Glaucoma medications

Answer 2

Prostaglandin analogues
Beta blockers
Sympathomimetics
Parasympathomimetics
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Question 3

Acute angle closure glaucoma

Answer 3

Rise in IOP inability of drainage of aqueous fluid in eye.
Pain

Question 4

Cataracts

Answer 4

Progressive vision loss, glare
No red reflex
Mx referral to opthal for phaecoemulsification and IOL insertion

Question 5

Infection post eye surgery

Answer 5

Endophthlamitis

Question 6

Dendritic ulcer pattern on slit lamp

Answer 6

Herpes simplex keratitis

Question 7

Most common cause of keratitis/ corneal ulcer

vs contact lens wearer

Answer 7

Staph aureus

Pseudomonas aeruginosa in contact lens wearers

Question 8

Mx keraitis

Answer 8

Corneal scrape for MC&S
Moxifloxacin eye drops

Question 9

Stye Mx

Answer 9

Warm compress

Bacterial infection at base of eyelid. Resolves in few days

Vs chalazion, inflammation of meibomian gland, takes months to resolve

Question 10

Mx proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Answer 10

Pan retinal laser photocoagulation

Question 11

Episcleritis Mx

Answer 11

Phenylephrine eye drops
Constricts blood vessels and reduces redness.

Differentiates from scleritis as would not improve symptoms

Question 12

Anterior uveitis

Answer 12

Inflammation of the uvea
photophobia, pain
Associated with HLA-B27 and IBD

Mx Steroids and dilating eye drops (e.g. cyclopenidate)