Opthalmic Miotics Flashcards
Miotics do what
CONSTRICT pupils; used to lower intraocular pressure (ICP)
2 types of miotics
direct acting cholinergic and indirect acting anticholinesterase drugs
what do miotic direct acting cholinergics do
mediate transmission of nerve impulses at all parasympathetic nerve sites (similar to acetylcholine)
what is the therapeautic use of miotic direct acting cholinergic
opthalmic procedures
examples of miotic direct acting cholinergic
pilocarpine (Isopto carpine, pilopine HS, Ocusert disk pilo-20 and 40; binds to ocular tissue)
what do miotic indirect acting cholinesterase do
inactivate cholinesterase resulting in pupil constriction, thus reducing intraocular pressure
what is the therapeautic use of miotic indirect acting cholinesterase
reduce intraocular pressure
examples of miotic indirect acting cholinesterase
physostigmine salicylate (Isopto Eserine)
what are common s/e of miotics, if absorbed into the system
HA, eye and brow pain, decreased vision; systemic absorption: n/v/d, polyurea, asthma attack, drooling, diaphoresis
how to prevent s/e of miotics
apply gentle pressure on lacrimal duct for 1-2 min; lacrimal duct carries fluid to nose.
give what if overdose in cholinesterase inhibitor?
mydriatic atropine sulfate
Miotics Toxicity s/e are
vertigo, bradycardia, tremors, hypotension, syncope, dysrhythmia, seizure; give Atropine Sulfate.
Miotics are contrainidicated for pts with
retinal detachment, adhesion between iris and lens, ocular infection
