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Ophthalmology > OPT 1210 Lesson 1 > Flashcards

OPT 1210 Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How do you spell this field?

A

OPHTHALMOLOGY

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2
Q

What is Ophthalmology

A

Science of the eye

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3
Q

What is the size of an eye?

A

24 to 25 mm

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4
Q

What is Ophthalmitis?

A

inflammation of the eye

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5
Q

Exo

A

To move out (exothalmis = moving the eye out)

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6
Q

Dextro

A

Right

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7
Q

Levo

A

Left

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8
Q

What percentage of what we learn comes through the eyes?

A

85%

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9
Q

What are the orbits made of?

A

7 cranial bones

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10
Q

What degree from the midline are the eyes?

A

17 to 23 degrees

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11
Q

How do you produce tears?

A
  1. Blinking
  2. Eye lids
  3. The Lacrimal Apparatus
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12
Q

What makes up the extra ocular anatomy?

A

6 extra ocular muscles and the conjunctiva

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13
Q

What makes up the intra ocular anatomy?

A

Lens and Zonules

Cornea and the Iris

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14
Q

What are the 2 intra ocular fluids?

A

Aqueous Humor

Vitreous Gel

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15
Q

Rods are used for?

A

Scotopic (Night) Vision

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16
Q

Cones are used for?

A

Photopic (Day / Color) Vision

17
Q

What does the Fovea

A

4,000 tiny cones (no rods!)

18
Q

What do cones perceive

A

One of three wavelengths (Red, Green, or Blue)

19
Q

How photoreceptors sense light?

A

Photoreceptors sense the length of the light wave. The percentage of each color receptor (Red, Green, and Blue) combined together determines the color we see.

20
Q

What is the pathway of light through the eye to the brain?

A
  1. Tear Film
  2. Cornea
  3. Through the pupil
  4. Lens
  5. Retina
  6. Optic Nerve
  7. Optic Chiasm - 1/2 the signals from each eye cross
  8. Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the Thalamus (LGN)
  9. Optic radiation
  10. Occipital lobe (Visual cortex)
21
Q

What is the principle of refraction?

A

Light is bent as it passes from a less dense media to a more dense media

22
Q

What is normal vision called?

A

Emmetropia

23
Q

What is nearsightedness called?

A

Myopia

24
Q

What is farsightedness called?

A

Hyperopia

25
Q

What is blurry focus called?

A

Astigmatism

26
Q

What is a Phoropter used for?

A

To measure the power of a lens

27
Q

How do you focus close?

A
  1. Accommodation
  2. Convergence
  3. Miosis
28
Q

What are future treatments for eye diseases?

A
  1. Artificial Cameras
  2. IOLs that change focus and zoom
  3. Implantable Microscopic cameras
  4. Implantable Retinal Microchips

Ophthalmology (7 decks)

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