OPT 1210 Lesson 1 Flashcards
How do you spell this field?
OPHTHALMOLOGY
What is Ophthalmology
Science of the eye
What is the size of an eye?
24 to 25 mm
What is Ophthalmitis?
inflammation of the eye
Exo
To move out (exothalmis = moving the eye out)
Dextro
Right
Levo
Left
What percentage of what we learn comes through the eyes?
85%
What are the orbits made of?
7 cranial bones
What degree from the midline are the eyes?
17 to 23 degrees
How do you produce tears?
- Blinking
- Eye lids
- The Lacrimal Apparatus
What makes up the extra ocular anatomy?
6 extra ocular muscles and the conjunctiva
What makes up the intra ocular anatomy?
Lens and Zonules
Cornea and the Iris
What are the 2 intra ocular fluids?
Aqueous Humor
Vitreous Gel
Rods are used for?
Scotopic (Night) Vision
Cones are used for?
Photopic (Day / Color) Vision
What does the Fovea
4,000 tiny cones (no rods!)
What do cones perceive
One of three wavelengths (Red, Green, or Blue)
How photoreceptors sense light?
Photoreceptors sense the length of the light wave. The percentage of each color receptor (Red, Green, and Blue) combined together determines the color we see.
What is the pathway of light through the eye to the brain?
- Tear Film
- Cornea
- Through the pupil
- Lens
- Retina
- Optic Nerve
- Optic Chiasm - 1/2 the signals from each eye cross
- Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the Thalamus (LGN)
- Optic radiation
- Occipital lobe (Visual cortex)
What is the principle of refraction?
Light is bent as it passes from a less dense media to a more dense media
What is normal vision called?
Emmetropia
What is nearsightedness called?
Myopia
What is farsightedness called?
Hyperopia
