Opposition to Tsarist Russia Flashcards
When were the Social Democrats formed?
1898
What type of opposition were the SD’s?
Marxist
Who was the leader of the SD’s?
George Plekhanov
What were the aims of the SD’s? (3)
- To encourage TU’s to improve the conditions of the workers
- To focus of revolutionary tactics
- Prepare the working class for revolution
What were the SD’s methods?
Impose socialist viewpoints to encourage revolution
Who supported the SD’s?
Mainly the working class
When did the SD’s split? Why did they?
1903 due to a lack of support and contradicting views
What did the SD’s split into?
The Bolsheviks
The Mensheviks
What type of opposition were the Narodniks?
Populist
What were the aims of the Narodniks?
to bring power to the people
Who were some key people in the Narodniks? (4)
- Mikhailov - leader
- Bakunin - violence, attacked dogma
- Chernyshevsky - published banned books
- Vera Zasulich - shot General Trepov, found not guilty in 1878
What were the Narodniks methods?
Went to peasants to encourage revolution e.g. 1874 and 1876 - failed both times
What group formed out of the Narodniks in 1877? What did they believe?
Land and Liberty - social revolution commune should be the basis of law, took part in public assassinations
What 2 groups were formed out of L&L?
Black Partition
Peoples Will
What did the Black Partition believe in?
Peaceful methods
Wanted to share the black soil provinces
What did the People’s Will believe in?
Violence - assassinated AII on March 13th 1881
What did the Liberals believe in? Who were some key people from this group?
Political change
Struve, Shipov
What were the Liberals methods?
Education
Pamphlets
Journals
Banquets
Did the liberals have alot of support?
Limited by literacy levels BUT support increased after Bloody Sunday
When were the Social Revolutionaries formed? What type of opposition were they?
1901
Populist
What were the SR’s aims and methods?
Aims: land for the peasants
Methods: Agitation and terrorism, contact the villages, assassinate government officials
Who was a key exponent in the SR’s?
Chernov
What were the Left SR’s also known as?
Combat Detachment
What did the Left SR’s do?
Were more violent
Tried to stir discontent in the countryside
2000 Political Assassination (1901-1905)
What did the Right SR’s do?
Wanted to co-operate w/ other parties
Worked for the immediate improvement for peasants and workrs
Who had more control over the SR’s? The Right or the Left?
1906 - Right SR’s had more control
