Nicholas II Flashcards
When was NII reign?
1894-1917
What was NII personality?
Shy
Easily Influenced
Lacked Intellect
Disinterested in being Tsar
What happened at NII coronation? (May 18th 1894)
1,300 people died b/c of a lack of organisation causing social and political discontent
What were the causes of the 1905 Revolution?
- Russo-Japanse War
- Long Term tensions e.g. dissatisfaction with the Emancipation Act, NII’s weaknesses cause opposition to grow
- Bloody Sunday
When was Bloody Sunday?
January 9th 1905
What happened on Bloody Sunday?
People peacefully protested for concessions - carried icons, involved women and kids
Protesters were met with artillery causing 200 people to be killed
Who went on strike in Jan 1905? How many were there?
Workers
400,000
When did NII grant his first concession in the 1905 Revolution? What was it?
February 18th 1905
Granted an Advisory Assembly
How did the Liberals react to NII first concession?
Dissatisfied so formed the Union of Unions in May 1905 - it was a National Represented Assembly
When did the Railway workers go on strike? What does this how about the Revolution?
October 1905
Showed a lack of unity within the rebels
What was an outcome of the 1905 Revolution?
October Manifesto
When was the October Manifesto?
October 17th 1905
What did the October Manifesto state?
That NII will grant concessions by creating a Legislative Duma & by granting Civil Freedoms e.g. relaxing censorship
What were the reactions to the October Manifesto?
Liberals were satisfied - Oktoberists formed
Kadets wanted more political change
Why was the creation of the Dumas so significant?
It took away some of the Tsar’s autocratic power and symbolised democracy
What broke out whilst the Russo-Japanese War was ongoing?
The 1905 Revolution
What were the causes of the Russo-Japanese War?
- Russia wanted to expand east
- Wanted Manchuria for natural resources and a warm water port
- Japan wanted Manchuria for economic expansion
What did Japan offer to Russia before war broke out between the two? What was Russia’s reaction to this?
Japan offered that they get South Korea and that Russia got Manchuria
Russia neglected this proposal
When did Japan launch a surprise attack on Port Arthur?
Jan 26th 1904
When was the Russo-Japanse War?
1904-05
When was the Battle of Tsushima? What was the outcome?
May 1905
Russia Baltic Fleet was sunk by Japan
When did the Japanese take Port Aruthr?
Jan 1905
What treaty was a result of the Russo-Japanese War?
Treaty of Portsmouth (Aug 1905)
What were the terms of the Treaty of Portsmouth?
Russia was to withdraw from Manchurian and had to acknowledge Japanese sovereignty in Korea
Who convinced NII to give concessions during the 1905 Revolution?
Witte
How many Dumas met in NII reign?
4
Which Duma was the most successful?
The 3rd Duma aka Duma of Lords and Lackey’s
What was passed in 1906 that gave back NII some of his autocratic power?
The Fundamental Laws
What did the Fundament Laws do specifically?
Allowed for the Upper Chamber to be chosen by the Tsar and took away some of the Low Chamber’s power
