Opioids

Question 1

Which opioid is used for mild cough?

Answer 1

Dextromethorpan

Question 2

Which opioid is the standard one?

Answer 2

Morphine

Question 3

Which opioid is more potent than morphine and is used in orthopaedics?

Answer 3

Alfentanyl

Question 4

Which opioid is used in obstetrics? Why?

Answer 4

Pethidine, less effect on respiration and uterus

Question 5

Which opiod has a better oral absorption and is a pro drug?

Answer 5

Codeine

Question 6

What treatment would a patient with malignant terminal pain receive?

Answer 6

Opioid + NSAIDs + corticosteroid + antixiolytics + antidepressants

Question 7

Is tolerance of opioids a problem?

Answer 7

No, no upper limit to therapeutic dose, no ‘toxic’

Question 8

What are the withdrawal symptoms or opioids?

Answer 8

Flu-like, shaking, craving, anxiety, lasts 7-10days

Question 9

Name 6 non-analgesic affects of opioids

Answer 9

Respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, cough suppression, miosis, constipation

Question 10

Name 2 partial opioid agonists

Answer 10

Pentazocine, buprenorphine

Agonist at K and ∂, partial agonist at µ

Question 11

Name a full opioid antagonist

Answer 11

Naloxone

Question 12

Opioids act where for increased euphoria?

Answer 12

Nucleus accumbens

Question 13

Opioids act where to decrease anxiety

Answer 13

Locus coeruleus

Question 14

Where do opioids act to stimulate descending inhibitory pathway?

Answer 14

Periaqueductal grey, nucleus raphe magnus

Question 15

Which opioid receptor leads to respiratory depression?

Answer 15

µ2

Question 16

Which opioid receptor leads to constipation?

Answer 16

∂