operations Flashcards
Multiplier
a number that multiplies another number (multiplicand)
multiplicand × multiplier = product
Numerator
the top term of a fraction
Example: In 1/10 the numerator is 1
Improper fraction
A fraction where the numerator is larger than the denominator
Example: 3/2
Denominator
the bottom term of a fraction
Example: In 1/10 the denominator is 10
Dividend
A number that is divided by another number (divisor) to find the quotient
Example: dividend ÷ divisor = quotient
Quotient
the result of dividing two numbers
Example: dividend ÷ divisor = quotient
Percentages
A way to represent part-to-whole relationships, where the percent is the part out of 100.
Example: One half: 50% = 1/2 = 0.50
Greatest Common Factor (GCF) / Greatest Common Divisor (GCD)
the greatest factor that is common to two or more numbers; the largest number that will divide evenly into two or more numbers
Example:
For 12 and 15, GCF = 3
Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
Factors of 15: 1, 3, 5, 15
Factors
Values that are multiplied to get another number.
Example: Some factors of 12 are 3 and 4 because 3×4=12
Least Common Multiple (LCM)
the smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers; the smallest number two or more numbers will divide into evenly
Example:
For 12 and 15, LCM = 60
Multiples of 12: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60
Multiples of 15: 15, 30, 45, 60
Distributive Property
a number in front of a group of terms will multiply all terms in the grouping individually
“they can distribute themselves”
Example: a(b+c)=ab+ac
Fractions
usually represent partial numbers
Example: One half: 50% = 1/2 = 0.50
Difference
the result of subtracting one number from another
Example: x−y=difference
Associative Property
An operation is associative if regrouping the terms does not change the outcome
“they can associate with whomever they choose”
Example: (a+b)+c=a+(b+c)
Product
the result of multiplying two or more numbers
Example: multiplicand × multiplier = product
Divisor
A number that divides another number (dividend) to find the quotient
Example: dividend ÷ divisor = quotient
Commutative Property
An operation is commutative if changing the order of terms does not change the outcome
“they can commute around”
Example: a+b=b+a
Common Denominator
when 2 fractions share the same total parts of whatever item or items are being represented
Example: 1/3 and 2/3
Mixed number
A whole number with a fraction
Example: 3 1/2
Reciprocal Fraction
The inverse or “flip” of a fraction where the top and bottom number switch places
Example: 1/2 -> 2/1 3/5 -> 5/3
Order of Operations
PEMDAS: the set order in which multi-step equations must be solved: Parenthesis, Exponents, Multiplication and Division (left to right), Addition and Subtraction (left to right)
Decimal
Numbers less than 1 displayed using place values and the powers of ten
Example: 0.024
Addend
number that is added to another number
Example: addend + addend = sum
Decimal Fractions
fractions with a denominator of 10
Example: 1/10 =0.1
Real numbers
numbers that have a specific value
Example: -2, 3, 1/2, 3.2, √2
Multiplicand
a number that is multiplied by another number (multiplier)
Example: multiplicand × multiplier = product
Sum
the result of adding two or more numbers, a total
Example: addend + addend = sum
