Number sense

Question 1

Composite numbers

Answer 1

natural numbers that are divisible by numbers other than one and themselves

Example: 6 is divisible by 2 and 3

Question 2

Prime factor

Answer 2

a prime number or term that can be multiplied by another to get a number.

Example: 2×6=12, 2 is a prime factor

Question 3

Integers

Answer 3

infinite set of positive and negative counting numbers and zero

Example: … , –2,–1,0,1,2, …

Question 4

Relatively prime

Answer 4

two numbers are relatively prime if they share no common factors

Example: 34 and 15

Question 5

Base number 10 system

Answer 5

Our number system. Each place location for a number has a value that is a power of 10

10, 100, 1000, 10000

Question 6

Natural numbers

Answer 6

set of counting numbers starting at 1 and increasing by 1s up to infinity; sometimes called “counting numbers”

1, 2, 3, …

Question 7

Prime factorization

Answer 7

the process of writing a number in terms of its prime factors

Example: 12=2×2×3

Question 8

Irrational numbers

Answer 8

real numbers that CANNOT be represented exactly; they can not be shown as a ratio of two integers nor placed on a number line

Example: pi (π)

Question 9

Prime numbers

Answer 9

natural numbers greater than 1 that have no numbers that will divide into them without a remainder

Example: 2, 3, 5, 7….

Question 10

Expanded form/ Expanded notation

Answer 10

break apart each digit in the number and show the digits true value

Example: 4,358→4000+300+50+8

Question 11

Absolute value

Answer 11

distance a number is from zero; always a positive number

Example: ∣−9∣=9 and ∣9∣=9

Question 12

Place value

Answer 12

The value of each digit in a number based on its location, or place

Example: In 135, the 3 is in the tens place and has a value of 3 x 10 or 30.

Question 13

Real numbers

Answer 13

numbers that have a specific value

Example: -2, 3, 1/2, 3.2, √2

Question 14

Number line

Answer 14

a straight line where each number is equal distance from the next one

Question 15

Whole numbers

Answer 15

infinite set of natural numbers and zero

Example: 0,1,2,3, …

Question 16

Unit fraction

Answer 16

a fraction composed of 1 over any rational number; the inverse of a whole number

Example: 1/2 or 1/19

Question 17

Magnitude

Answer 17

size of a number

Example: 7 has a greater magnitude than 2

Question 18

Factor tree

Answer 18

A visual process to find the factors of a number

Question 19

Least common multiple (LCM)

Answer 19

the smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers; the smallest number two or more numbers will divide into evenly

Example:
For 12 and 15, LCM = 60
Multiples of 12: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60
Multiples of 15: 15, 30, 45, 60

Question 20

Reducing fractions

Answer 20

dividing the numerator and denominator by any common factors to put the fraction in lowest terms

Example: 2/4 = 1/2

Question 21

Factors

Answer 21

Values that are multiplied to get another number.

Example: Some factors of 12 are 3 and 4 because 3×4=12

Question 22

Multiplicative identity property

Answer 22

a number that, when multiplied by x, yields x. These are one or forms of one such as x/x

example: 6×1=6

Question 23

Common denominator

Answer 23

when 2 fractions share the same total parts of whatever item or items are being represented

Example: 1/3 and 2/3

Question 24

Benchmark fraction

Answer 24

an easily remembered fraction that can be used to make problems simpler

Example: 1/10, 1/4, 1/2, etc.

Question 25

Greatest Common Factor (GCF) / Greatest Common Divisor (GCD)

Answer 25

the greatest factor that is common to two or more numbers; the largest number that will divide evenly into two or more numbers

Example:
For 12 and 15, GCF = 3
Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
Factors of 15: 1, 3, 5, 15

Question 26

Scientific notation

Answer 26

numbers expressed as the product of a base-10 number and a number between 1 and 10

Example:
2.56 x 10 = 25.6
4.32 x 10^(-4) = 0.000432