data

Question 1

Dot plot

Answer 1

a graph that uses dots to show the frequency counts of a group of data. Dot plots are used for small sets of quantitative data. You can easily identify the mode, the shape or skew of the graph, and potential outliers on a dot plot.

Question 2

Stem-and-leaf plot/stemplot

Answer 2

a plot that splits each data value into a “leaf” (usually the last digit) and a “stem” (the other digits). Stemplots are used for smaller sets of quantitative data. You can easily identify outliers, data clusters, or gaps on a stemplot

Question 3

Normal distribution

Answer 3

graph with a bell-shaped curve, where the graph is symmetric and has no skew

Question 4

Minimum

Answer 4

lowest value of the data set

Question 5

Negative Skew/ Skewed left

Answer 5

distribution of data with a tail that pulls to the left, toward the smaller numbers. reflects a bunching of data at the upper end of the distribution.

Question 6

Box-and-whisker plot/ Boxplot

Answer 6

A boxplot splits the data set into quartiles, where the middle 50% of the data forms the box and the lower 25% and upper 25% form the whiskers. Boxplots are used with larger sets of data. You can easily identify the median, the shape or skewness of the graph, and the range on a boxplot

Question 7

Positive skew / Skewed right

Answer 7

distribution with a tail that pulls to the right, towards the larger numbers. reflects a bunching of data at the lower end of the distribution

Question 8

1st quartile (Q1)

Answer 8

median of the lower half of the data set

Question 9

Bar Graph

Answer 9

a visual representation of data which compares values in different categories

Question 10

Pie chart

Answer 10

a graph in which a circle is divided into sectors that each represent a proportion of the whole. Pie charts are helpful when displaying the relative distribution of categories

Question 11

Quartiles

Answer 11

divide a set of data into four equal parts, using 3 divisions

Question 12

Standard deviation

Answer 12

An average of how far each data point is away from the mean. A higher standard deviation indicates higher variability in the data (the data are more spread out). The Greek symbol sigma (σ) is used to represent standard deviation

Question 13

Double Bar graph

Answer 13

a visual representation of data which compares values in different categories and groups

Question 14

Mean

Answer 14

a measure of center commonly known as the average; found by adding all of the numbers in a data set and dividing by the number of numbers (the n) in the data set

Question 15

Interquartile range (IQR)

Answer 15

The difference between Q3 (median of the top half of the data) and Q1 (median of the bottom half of the data)

Question 16

Quantitative data

Answer 16

data which is measured and usually expressed numerically

Question 17

Range (stats)

Answer 17

The width of the data set.

Range = highest value - lowest value

Question 18

Maximum

Answer 18

highest value of the data set

Question 19

3rd quatiles (Q3)

Answer 19

median of the upper half of the data set

Question 20

Cluster

Answer 20

a group of data points that are gathered around a particular value

Question 21

Gap

Answer 21

an interval in a data set that does not contain data

Question 22

Mode

Answer 22

the most frequent number in a data set; data sets can have zero or multiple modes

Question 23

Line graph

Answer 23

a visual representation of data which shows change over time or in response to a manipulated variable

Question 24

2nd quartile (Q2)

Answer 24

the middle number of the data when the data are written in order

Question 25

Median

Answer 25

the middle value of a sorted dataset; the middle number of a set with an odd quantity of values, or, when there is an even number of values, the mean of the middle two numbers

Question 26

Categorical data

Answer 26

data recorded as categories/groups

Example: color

Question 27

Histogram

Answer 27

a visual representation of data which compares frequencies of different numeral intervals

Question 28

Outlier

Answer 28

a data point either much larger than or much smaller than the other data points in the set