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DCIT 21 > Operating System > Flashcards

Operating System Flashcards

1
Q

The operating system and utility programs that control a computer system and allow you to use your computer

A

System Software

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2
Q

Enables the boot process, launches applications, transfers files, controls hardware configuration, manages files on the hard drive, and protects from unauthorized use.

A

System Software

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3
Q

Programs that allow a user to perform specific tasks on a computer

A

Application Software

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4
Q

Word processing, playing games, browsing the web, listening to music, etc.

A

Application Software

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5
Q

A collection of programs that manage and coordinate the activities taking place within a computer

A

Operating system

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6
Q

Acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer and between the application programs and system hardware

A

Operating system

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7
Q

Functions of an operating system

A

Interfacing with users
Booting the computer
Configuring devices
Managing network connections
Managing and monitoring resources and jobs
File management
Security

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8
Q

The ability of an operating system to have more than one program (task) open at one time.

A

Multitasking

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9
Q

The ability to rotate between multiple threads so that processing is completed faster and more efficiently

A

Multithreading

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10
Q

Multiple processors or multiple cores are used in one computer system to perform work more efficiently. Tasks are performed SEQUENTIALLY

A

Multiprocessing and parallel processing

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11
Q

Optimizing the use of main memory (RAM)
Virtual memory

A

Memory management

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12
Q

Area in RAM or on the hard drive designated to hold data that is used by different hardware devices or programs

A

Buffer

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13
Q

Placing items in a buffer so they can be retrieved by the appropriate device when needed

A

Buffering or Spooling

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14
Q

Require users to input commands using the kryboard

A

Command line interface

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15
Q

Graphics based interface Used most by operating systems

A

Graphical user interface (GUI)

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16
Q

Categories of operating systems

A

Personal (desktop) operating system
Server (network) operating systems
Mobile and embedded operating systems

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17
Q

Designed to be installed on a single computer

A

Personal (desktop) operating systems

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18
Q

Designed to be installed on a network server
Client computers still use a personal operating system
Controls access to network resources

A

Server (network) operating systems

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19
Q

Types of processors supported

A

Desktop, mobile, server processors
32-bit or 64-bit CPUs

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20
Q

Support for virtualization and other technologies

A

New type of buses
Virtualization
Mobility
Security concerns
Power consumption concerns
Touch and gesture input
The move to cloud

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21
Q

Traditionally used a command-line interface
Dominant operating system in the 1980s and 1990s
PC & MS
Can enter commands in Windows

A

DOS(Disk Operating System)

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22
Q

The predominant personal operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation

A

Windows

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23
Q

Command that changes to a new location on the current drive

A

Change Directory (CD) Command

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24
Q

Command that changes to a new drive

A

Drive Command

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25
Q

Command that copies files from one location to another

A

Copy command

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26
Q

Command that displays the files and folders in the current location

A

Directory (DIR) Command

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27
Q

Instructs the operating system to start an application program and to open a document and print it

A

User

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28
Q

Hands the document over to the operating system for printing

A

Application program

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29
Q

Sends the document to the printer

A

Operating system

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30
Q

Prints the document

A

Printer

31
Q

Shows the folders you must travel through to get to a particular file (i.e. C:\My Documents\Letters\Mary)

A

Path

32
Q

Type of processing where tasks are performed one right after the other

A

Sequential processing (multitasking and multithreading)

33
Q

Type of processing where multiple tasks are performed at the exact same time

A

Simultaneous processing (multiprocessing and parallel processing)

34
Q

How does virtual memory work step by step?

A
  1. Pages are copied from RAM to virtual memory
  2. Pages are copied back to RAM for processing
  3. Pages are copied to virtual memory and deleted from RAM
  4. The cycle continues until the program finishes executing
35
Q

This software enables your computer to communicate with the server operating system, which is located on the network server.

A

Client shell

36
Q

When was Windows 1.0 released?

A

1985

37
Q

What were the operating environments for DOS?

A

Windows 1.0 through Windows 3.0

38
Q

This operating system was designed for personal computers

A

Windows

39
Q

First 32-bit version of Windows designed for high end work stations and servers and was replaced by Windows 2000

A

Windows NT (new technology)

40
Q

It replaced windows 2000 and windows me

A

Windows XP

41
Q

It replaced windows XP and introduced the aero interface and sidebar feature

A

Windows vista

42
Q

Released in late 2009
Home premium
Professional
Libraries feature gives you virtual folders

A

Windows 7

43
Q

Designed to be used with smartphones, desktop computers, with or without a keyboard or mouse
Supports multi touch input
Includes start screen, tiles, and charms bar

A

Windows 8

44
Q

It replaced windows 8 and 8.1
Includes new start menu, microsoft edge, cortana, multiple desktops and task view, action center and tablet mode

A

Windows 10

45
Q

Windows 11 was announced as the successor to Windows 10 during a livestream

A

June 24, 2021

46
Q

Windows 11 was released and was designed to be more user friendly and understandable

A

October 5, 2021

47
Q

The version of Windows designed for server use
2022 is the latest version
Supports both virtualization and cloud computing

A

Windows Server

48
Q

Preinstalled on home server devices
Designed to provide services for a home network
Can be set up to back up all devices in the home on a regular basis

A

Windows home server

49
Q

Proprietary operating system for computers made by Apple corporation
Based on the unix operating system
Originally set the standard for graphical user interfaces

A

Mac OS

50
Q

Latest version of Mac OS

A

MacOS 15 Sequioa

51
Q

Mac OS feature that provides access to some system and app options

A

Menu bar

52
Q

Mac OS feature that contain apps, documents, and so forth

A

Windows

53
Q

Mac OS feature that displays and lets you interact with email messages and other information

A

Notifications

54
Q

Mac OS feature that contains the user’s stacks and commonly used icons.

A

Dock

55
Q

Mac OS feature that represent programs, folders, documents, or other items that can be opened with the mouse

A

Icons

56
Q

Operating system developed in the late 1960s for midrange servers
Multiuser, multitasking OS
More expensive, requires high level of technical knowledge, harder to install, maintain, and upgrade

A

UNIX

57
Q

Linux was developed by ____ in ____

A

Linus Torvalds, 1991

58
Q

Was developed independently
An open-source software; has been collaboratively modified by volunteer programmers all over the world
Originally used a command line interface, most recent versions use a GUI
Strong support from mainstream companies such as IBM, NVIDIA, HP, Dell, and Novell
People are switching to this open source software because of cost

A

Linux

59
Q

One of the most widely used linux OS

A

Ubuntu

60
Q

The first cloud operating system

A

Chrome OS

61
Q

Latest version of Windows designed for smartphones

A

Windows Phone 8

62
Q

Version of windows designed for tablet use

A

Windows RT

63
Q

Version of Windows designed primarily for consumer and industrial services that are not personal computers

A

Windows Embedded

64
Q

Linux-based operating system created with current mobile device capabilities in mind
Open platform

A

Android

65
Q

Current version of Android

A

Android 15 upside down cake

66
Q

Designed for apple mobile phones and devices
Supports multitasking
Includes safari, siri, facetime, airdrop, and others

A

iOS

67
Q

Current version of iOS

A

iOS 18

68
Q

OS designed for blackberry devices

A

Blackberry OS and blackberry playbook OS

69
Q

Other mobile operating systems besides android and ios
WebOS, Firefox OS, and Tizen

A

Mobile Linux

70
Q

Larger computers sometimes use OS designed solely for that type of system and may also use a customized OS based on a conventional OS.
Examples are:

A

IBM, Windows, UNIX, and Linux

71
Q

Software that performs a specific task, usually related to managing or maintaining the computer system
Many of them are built into OS for finding files, viewing images, backing up files, etc.
Also available as standalone products and as suites

A

Utility program

72
Q

What can utility programs do?

A

Uninstall and cleanup utilities
Backup and recovery utilities
File compression programs
Security programs

73
Q

The future of OS

A

More user friendly
Primarily driven by voice, touch, and/or gesture interface
More stable and self healing
Security and technological improvements
Improvements in synchronizing and coordinating data
Used to primarily access software available through the internet

74
Q

Features of File Management Programs

A

Enable the user to perform file management tasks
Search tools
Diagnostic and disk management programs

DCIT 21 (6 decks)

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