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DCIT 21 > hardware > Flashcards

hardware Flashcards

1
Q

Physical components (internal or external) that are used in data management and logic comparisons, control functions, and computing information

A

hardware

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2
Q

hardware is _____ components

A

tangible

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3
Q

Types of hardware

A

internal and external

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4
Q

the most important part of hardware, sometimes referred to as the brain of the computer

A

Central processing unit (CPU)

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5
Q

CPU is also known as

A

central processor

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6
Q

Components of CPU

A

Control Unit (CU)
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Primary Storage
Registers

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7
Q

decodes program instructions and directs other components of the computer to perform that task specified in the programs instructions

A

Control Unit(CU)

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8
Q

performs arithmetic and logical operations

A

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

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9
Q

Stores the program instructions currently being executed and also stores the data while being processed by the CPU

A

Primary Storage

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10
Q

Registers is a __ word read and write memory; special temporary storage which quickly accepts, stores and transfers data and instructions for immediate use

A

14

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11
Q

RAM stands for

A

Random Access Memory

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12
Q

types of internal hardware

A

CPU
Memory Unit
Input and Output Unit (I/O Unit)

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13
Q

it does not only store data and instructions before the execution but as well as the processed data

A

memory unit

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14
Q

refers to as main memory or primary memory

A

RAM

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15
Q

ROM stands for

A

Read Only Memory

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16
Q

enable the computer to perform basic operations such as its start up procedure

A

ROM

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17
Q

a volatile type of memory; can be read and altered by the computer

A

RAM

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18
Q

can be read bu the computer but not altered (fixed)

A

ROM

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19
Q

types of external memory

A

hard drive
CD/CD ROM’s
Magnetic Floppy Disc

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20
Q

secondary memory is also known as

A

auxiliary memory

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21
Q

it is a non volatile type of memory that is responsible for keeping files permanently

A

secondary memory

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22
Q

two types of secondary memory

A

sequential storage (tapes)
direct-access storage devices (diskettes)

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23
Q

allows communication between the computer and its outside world via input and output devices

A

I/O Unit

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24
Q

it is an entity within a computer responsible for the control of one or more external devices

A

I/O Unit

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25
Q

input data can be accepted using the

A

keyboard

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26
Q

the processing will be done internally with the ___ and ___

A

CPU, memory

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27
Q

the output data can be viewed using the

A

monitor

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28
Q

external hardware is also called

A

peripherals

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29
Q

refers to the external devices attached to the computer that is, they cannot function without the computer

A

external hardware

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30
Q

categories of external hardware

A

input
processing
storage
output
communication

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31
Q

devices used to accept or collect data and convert it into a form suitable for processing

A

input hardware

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32
Q

types of input hardware

A

text entry
pointing
image, video and graphic input
audio input

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33
Q

keyboard is an example of ____ devices

A

text entry

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34
Q

a keypad device with buttons or keys that a user presses to enter data characters and commands into a computer terminal technology

A

keyboard

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35
Q

the most common english language key pattern for typewriters and keyboards is called ____

A

QWERTY

36
Q

QWERTY was devised by ____ in the late ____

A

Christopher Sholes, 1860s

37
Q

types of pointing devices

A

mouse
trackball
trackpad
light pen

38
Q

a pointing device that detects two dimensional motions relative to its supporting surface

A

mouse

39
Q

a trackball is a popular pointing device that can be roughly described as

A

mouse on its back

40
Q

consists of a ball resting on two rollers at right angles to each other

A

trackball

41
Q

a track pad is a pointing device featuring a ____, a specialized surface that can translate the motion and position of a user’s fingers to a relative position on screen

A

tactile sensor

42
Q

track pad is also called

A

touch pad

43
Q

a pointing device in which the user holds a wand, which is attached to the computer, up to the screen and selects items or chooses commands on the screen

A

light pen

44
Q

used by engineers, graphic designers, and illustrators

A

light pen

45
Q

types of image, video, and graphic input devices

A

webcam
digital camera
optical scanner
graphics tablet

46
Q

a low resolution video camera used to provide visual input that can be easily transferred over the internet

A

webcam

47
Q

a camera that takes video or still photographs by recording images on an electronic image sensor

A

digital camera

48
Q

a device that uses light sensing equipment to scan paper or another medium

A

optical scanner

49
Q

a flat plastic rectangle with subsurface electronics

A

graphics tablet

50
Q

a graphics tablet is also called

A

digitizer or digitizing tablet

51
Q

types of audio input devices

A

microphone
speech recognition devices
musical keyboards

52
Q

an acoustic sensor that provides input by converting audio signals into electrical signals

A

microphone

53
Q

enable computers to hear and record spoken words, and to respond to spoken commands

A

speech recognition devices

54
Q

an instrument that looks somewhat like a shortened piano keyboard, with buttons that enable it to mimic a host instruments

A

musical keyboards

55
Q

a device that translates information in a way that human beings can understand

A

output hardware

56
Q

enable the computer to present information to user

A

output hardware

57
Q

types of output hardeare

A

display screen
paper output
audio output devices

58
Q

two forms of output

A

hardcopy - tangible
softcopy - intangible

59
Q

display screen is also called

A

monitors/screen

60
Q

devices that show programming instructions and daya as they are being input and information after it is processed

A

display screen

61
Q

the most popular softcopy output device used in microcomputers
use a vacuum tube like that of a TV set

A

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)

62
Q

CRT is made up of ___

A

pixels

63
Q

types of display screens

A

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
flat panel displays

64
Q

used with portable computers, much thinner, with less weight and consume less power than CRT

A

Flat panel displays

65
Q

types of flat panel displays

A

Liquid crystal display (LCD)
light emitting diode (LED)
electroluminescent (EL) display or gas plasma display

66
Q

types of paper output

A

printer
plotter

67
Q

an output device that prints characters, symbols and perhaps graphics on paper

A

printer

68
Q

types of printer

A

impact printers
non impact

69
Q

simply means that it has contact with the paper
form character or images by striking a mechanism such as print hammer or wheel against an inked ribbon leaving image on the paper

A

impact printer

70
Q

daisy wheel printers, dot matrix printers, and line printers are examples of

A

impact printers

71
Q

no contact id made with the paper
form characters and images without making direct physical contact between printing mechanism and paper

A

non impact printers

72
Q

laser printers, ink jet printers, thermal printers, bubble jet printers are examples of

A

non impact printers

73
Q

specialized output device designed to produce high-quality graphics in a variety of colors

A

plotter

74
Q

useful for creating maps and architectural designs

A

plotter

75
Q

types of audio output device

A

earphones
headphones
speaker

76
Q

these include those devices that output voice-like sounds and those that output music and other sounds

A

audio output devices

77
Q

hardware device designed to store information

A

storage device

78
Q

2 types of storage device

A

primary storage - RAM
secondary storage - disks

79
Q

data on storage devices are measured in

A

bits
bytes
kilobytes (KB)
megabytes (MB)
gigabytes (GB)
terabytes (TB)

80
Q

measure of bits

A

10111010

81
Q

measure of bytes

A

8 bits

82
Q

measure of KB

A

1024 bytes

83
Q

measure of MB

A

1 million bytes

84
Q

measure of GB

A

billion bytes

85
Q

measure of TB

A

trillion bytes

DCIT 21 (7 decks)

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