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DCIT 21 > hardware > Flashcards

hardware Flashcards

1
Q

Physical components (internal or external) that are used in data management and logic comparisons, control functions, and computing information

A

hardware

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2
Q

hardware is _____ components

A

tangible

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3
Q

Types of hardware

A

internal and external

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4
Q

the most important part of hardware, sometimes referred to as the brain of the computer

A

Central processing unit (CPU)

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5
Q

CPU is also known as

A

central processor

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6
Q

Components of CPU

A

Control Unit (CU)
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Primary Storage
Registers

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7
Q

decodes program instructions and directs other components of the computer to perform that task specified in the programs instructions

A

Control Unit(CU)

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8
Q

performs arithmetic and logical operations

A

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

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9
Q

Stores the program instructions currently being executed and also stores the data while being processed by the CPU

A

Primary Storage

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10
Q

Registers is a __ word read and write memory; special temporary storage which quickly accepts, stores and transfers data and instructions for immediate use

A

14

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11
Q

RAM stands for

A

Random Access Memory

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12
Q

types of internal hardware

A

CPU
Memory Unit
Input and Output Unit (I/O Unit)

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13
Q

it does not only store data and instructions before the execution but as well as the processed data

A

memory unit

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14
Q

refers to as main memory or primary memory

A

RAM

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15
Q

ROM stands for

A

Read Only Memory

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16
Q

enable the computer to perform basic operations such as its start up procedure

A

ROM

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17
Q

a volatile type of memory; can be read and altered by the computer

A

RAM

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18
Q

can be read by the computer but not altered (fixed)

A

ROM

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19
Q

types of external memory

A

hard drive
CD/CD ROM’s
Magnetic Floppy Disc

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20
Q

secondary memory is also known as

A

auxiliary memory

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21
Q

it is a non volatile type of memory that is responsible for keeping files permanently

A

secondary memory

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22
Q

two types of secondary memory

A

sequential storage (tapes)
direct-access storage devices (diskettes)

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23
Q

allows communication between the computer and its outside world via input and output devices

A

I/O Unit

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24
Q

it is an entity within a computer responsible for the control of one or more external devices

A

I/O Unit

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25
Q

the processing will be done internally with the ___ and ___

A

CPU, memory

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26
Q

hardware device designed to store information

A

storage device

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27
Q

2 types of storage device

A

primary storage - RAM
secondary storage - disks

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28
Q

data on storage devices are measured in

A

bits
bytes
kilobytes (KB)
megabytes (MB)
gigabytes (GB)
terabytes (TB)

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29
Q

measure of bits

A

10111010

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30
Q

measure of bytes

A

8 bits

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31
Q

measure of KB

A

1024 bytes

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32
Q

measure of MB

A

1 million bytes

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33
Q

measure of GB

A

billion bytes

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34
Q

measure of TB

A

trillion bytes

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35
Q

it is the slower and
cheaper form of memory

A

Secondary Storage

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36
Q

Secondary Storage is also called

A

secondary memory

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37
Q

CPU does not access the secondary memory directly.
The content in it must first be copied into the ____ for CPU to process.

A

primary storage RAM

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38
Q

it is an outdated storage device
consisting of a thin disk of a flexible magnetic storage
medium.

A

Floppy Disks

39
Q

Floppy Disks are also called

A

diskette

40
Q

any storage method in which data is written and read with a
laser for archival or backup purposes.

A

Optical disks

41
Q

the most common type of removable media, suitable for music and data

A

Compact Disc (CD)

42
Q

a popular type of removable media that is the same dimensions as a CD but stores up to 12 times as much
information. It is the most common way of transferring digital video

A

Digital Video/Versatile Disc (DVD)

43
Q

a high-density optical disc format for data and high-definition video and can store 70 times as much information as a CD

A

Blu-ray Disc

44
Q

CD stands for

A

compact disc

45
Q

DVD stands for

A

digital video/versatile disc

46
Q

part of a unit that stores and provides relatively quick
access to large amounts of data on an
electromagnetically charged surface or set of
surfaces

A

Hard Disk

47
Q

a flash memory device integrated with a USB interface, typically small, lightweight, removable, and
rewritable

A

Flash Disk

48
Q

is a new generation of storage device used in
computers.

A

SSD

49
Q

store data using flash-based
memory, which is much faster than the traditional hard
disks they’ve come to replace.

A

SSD

50
Q

SSD -
HDD -

A

solid state drive
hard disk drive

51
Q

to retrieve and execute the instructions (in the form of computer programs) provided to the computer.

A

Processing Hardware

52
Q

it contains electrical components that makes the
computer work

A

System Unit

53
Q

It is the main circuit board in the system unit

A

Motherboard

54
Q

It houses the CPU chip, main memory chips and
expansion slots where other additional components such can be plugged-in.

A

Motherboard

55
Q

It allows all the parts of your computer to receive power and communicate with one another.

A

Motherboard

56
Q

Motherboard is sometimes called ____,____,____, and casually termed as ____

A

main board, system board, logic board, mobo

57
Q

It is a device that converts
alternating current (AC) to
direct current (DC) power
to run the computer

A

Power Supply

58
Q

AC-
DC-

A

alternating current
direct current

59
Q

a mechanical
component that provides
mechanical and electrical
connections between
a microprocessor and
a printed circuit
board (PCB).

A

CPU Socket

60
Q

CPU Socket is also called

A

CPU slot

61
Q

(PCB)

A

printed circuit
board

62
Q

a
single piece of silicon
containing millions of
electrical components.

A

Microprocessor Chip

63
Q

also called the main power connector, it used to get
the electric energy from the power supply which the
motherboard require to function properly.

A

Advanced Technology eXtended (ATX)

64
Q

a standard electronic interface used between a computer motherboard’s data paths or bus and the computer’s disk storage devices

A

Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)

65
Q

a new standard for connecting hard drives into
computer systems.

A

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)

66
Q

IDE

A

integrated drive electronics

67
Q

based on serial signaling technology, unlike current IDE hard drives that use
parallel signaling

A

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)

68
Q

Hard disk drive (HDD) is also called

A

hard drive, hard disk, or disk drive

69
Q

the first software run by a PC when powered on. initialize and test the system hardware components, and to load an operating system or other program from a mass memory device

A

Basic Input Output System (BIOS)

70
Q

an interconnection
system between a
microprocessor and
attached devices in
which expansion slots
are spaced closely for
high speed operation.

A

Peripheral Component
Interconnect (PCI)

71
Q

enables the computer to output sound to audio devices, as well as accept input from a microphone

A

Sound Card

72
Q

an item of personal
computer hardware whose
function is to generate and
output images to a display

A

Video Card

73
Q

Video Card is also referred to as

A

graphics card, graphics
accelerator, display
adapter

74
Q

a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a video card to a computer’s motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics

A

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)

75
Q

a computer hardware
component that
connects a computer
to a computer network

A

Network Interface
Controller (NIC) card

76
Q

an Intel chipset that
manages the basic forms of
input/output (I/O) such as
Universal Serial Bus (USB),
serial , audio, Integrated
Drive Electronics (IDE),
and Industry Standard
Architecture (ISA) I/O in a
computer

A

Southbridge Chipset

77
Q

controls the processor,
memory, Peripheral
Component Interconnect
(PCI) bus, Level 2 cache,
and all Accelerated
Graphics Port ( AGP )
activities.

A

Northbridge Chipset

78
Q

used to store basic Information about
the PC’s configuration, e.g.:

A

Complimentary Metal Oxide
Semiconductor (CMOS)

79
Q

developed by IBM and
is used to connect a
computer mouse or
keyboard to an IBM
compatible computer

A

PS/2 port

80
Q

the mouse is plugged into
the ____ connector and
the keyboard into the
____ connector

A

green, purple

81
Q

used for peripherals such as mice and modems, becoming
less popular now though as
USB and PS/2 have taken
over.

A

Serial port`

82
Q

Serial port also called

A

COM port

83
Q

I/O channel for connecting
peripherals such as scanners
and printers to PC
can also be used for
hardware interfacing

A

Parallel port

84
Q

_____ is an
industry standard developed in the
____ that defines the cables,
connectors and communications
protocols used in a bus for
connection, communication and
power supply between computers
and electronic devices.

A

Universal Serial Bus (USB), mid-1990s

85
Q

has effectively replaced a variety of earlier interfaces, such as serial
and parallel ports, as well as
separate power chargers for
portable devices

A

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

86
Q

main
output for your computer
speakers.

A

Speaker out (green)

87
Q
  • for external
    sources of audio     that you
    want to hear through your
    computer or possibly
    record
A

Line in (blue)

88
Q
  • for the
    Microphone. The
    microphone can again be
    used to add sound to
    recording
A

Mic in (red)

89
Q

types of disk

A

Floppy Disks
Optical disks
Hard Disk
Flash Disk

90
Q

Parts of a motherboard

A

Power Supply
CPU Socket
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Microprocessor Chip
Advanced Technology eXtended (ATX)
Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)
Hard disk drive (HDD)
Basic Input Output System (BIOS)
Sound Card
Video Card
Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
Network Interface
Controller (NIC) card
Southbridge Chipset
Northbridge Chipset
Complimentary Metal Oxide
Semiconductor (CMOS)
external ports

91
Q

external ports

A

PS/2 port
Serial port
Parallel port
Universal Serial Bus (USB) port
Sound card ports

92
Q

sound card ports

A

Speaker out (green)
Line in (blue)
Mic in (red)

93
Q

PS/2 port often referred to as
the ____ or ____

A

mouse port,
keyboard port

94
Q

a non-volatile, digitally encoded data storage device that stores data on the magnetic surfaces of hard disk platters

A

HDD

DCIT 21 (10 decks)

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