Open angle glaucoma

Question 1

define glaucoma

Answer 1

optic nerve damage caused by rise of intraocular pressure due to blockage of aqueous humour

Question 2

aqueous humour is produced by

Answer 2

ciliary body

Question 3

normal intraocular pressure is

Answer 3

10-21 mmHg

Question 4

underlying pathophysiology of open-angle glaucoma

Answer 4

gradual increase in resistance to humerous through trabecular meshwork –> slow & chronic build up of pressure

Question 5

RFs open angle glaucoma

Answer 5

• increasing age
• family history
• black ethnic origin
• nearsightedness (myopia)

Question 6

distinctive presentations of open-angle glaucoma

Answer 6

• vision loss, peripheral first –> tunnel vision

- cupping

Question 7

gold standard method of measuring intraocular pressure

Answer 7

Goldmann applanation tonometry

Question 8

ix used to estimate intraocular pressure

Answer 8

non-contact tonometry

Question 9

optic disc can be checked for with

Answer 9

fundoscopy

Question 10

pressure higher than … should be treated

Answer 10

24 mmHg

Question 11

1st line tx open-angle glaucoma that increases uveoscleral outflow

Answer 11

latanoprost: prostaglandin analogue eye drops

Question 12

side effects latanoprost

Answer 12

• eyelash growth
• eyelid pigmentation
• iris pigmentation (browning)

Question 13

a beta blocker that reduces the production of humour

Answer 13

timolol

Question 14

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that reduces the production of humour

Answer 14

dorzolamide

Question 15

sympathomimetic that reduce humoral production and increases uveoscleral outflow

Answer 15

brimonidine

Question 16

when to carry out trabeculectomy (bleb)

Answer 16

eye drops not working