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Ooga Booga Tests > Ooga Booga Christmas exam > Flashcards

Ooga Booga Christmas exam Flashcards

1
Q

Exercising wise dominion over all creation

A

Creation mandate

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2
Q

Father of microscopy

A

Anton von Leeuwenhoek

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3
Q

Recorded information from an experiment or survey is called

A

Data

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4
Q

What is the first thing you do using the scientific method

A

Define the problem

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5
Q

A microscope with one lense

A

Simple microscope

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6
Q

A microscope with 2 sets of lenses that allows light to pass through

A

Compound light microscope

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7
Q

Backbone of the microscope, supports the body tube

A

Arm

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8
Q

What is the large knob on each side of the microscope that moves the body tube and quickly focuses on the specimen

A

Coarse adjustment knob

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9
Q

One of the lenses on a revolving nose piece so the magnification of the specimen can be varied is called

A

An objective

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10
Q

Small knobs that produce a sharp focus are called

A

Fine adjustment knobs

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11
Q

Fastenings that hold the slide in place are called

A

Stage clips

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12
Q

If the eye piece has a magnification of 10X and the objective has a magnification of 50X, what is the total power of magnification

A

500X

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13
Q

What is the magnification power of the eyepiece on our microscope

A

10X

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14
Q

What is the only difference between the control group and the experimental group

A

The independent variable

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15
Q

What is the control group used for

A

Comparison

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16
Q

In which group do you find the independent variable

A

The experimental group

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17
Q

What is the study of life

A

Biology

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18
Q

What is an educated guess

A

A hypothesis

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19
Q

Define semipermeable

A

Only certain substances can pass through

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20
Q

Define permeable

A

Anything can go through

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21
Q

The net movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

A

Diffusion

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22
Q

Diffusion will continue until what point

A

Equilibrium

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23
Q

Diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane

A

Osmosis

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24
Q

An atom having a negative or positive charge

A

Ion

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25
Q

What are the subatomic particles found in the nucleus

A

Protons and neutrons

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26
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass is called

A

Matter

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27
Q

A substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined

A

A compound

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28
Q

Change that altars appearance or form ex( chopping wood , freezing water)

A

Physical change

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29
Q

A change in substance ex( burning wood, baking)

A

Chemical change

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30
Q

A pure substance that cannot be further broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

A

An element

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31
Q

What are the four most common elements in living organisms

A

Carbon hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen

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32
Q

What are the three particles that make up an atom

A

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

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33
Q

The space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains

A

Electrons

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34
Q

What best describes the atomic number of an atom

A

The number of protons

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35
Q

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

A

An isotope

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36
Q

When atoms share electrons, what type of bonding is this?

A

Covalent bonding

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37
Q

What type of electron is available to form bonds

A

Valence

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38
Q

A homogeneous mixture of one or more substances within a substance

A

A solution

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39
Q

A mixture that is the same throughout

A

Homogeneous

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40
Q

What is the universal solvent

A

Water

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41
Q

Two agents of a solution

A

Solute and solvent

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42
Q

The tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together is called

A

Cohesion

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43
Q

A reaction that absorbs heat energy

A

Endothermic reaction

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44
Q

A reaction that releases heat energy

A

Exothermic reaction

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45
Q

An enzyme that alters the speed of a reaction

A

Catalyst

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46
Q

Phospholipids are distinguishable from other lipids by the presence of a

A

Phosphate group

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47
Q

What is a solution that has an excess of hydrogen ions

A

Acid

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48
Q

A substance with a Ph between 1-6.9 is called an

A

An acid

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49
Q

A substance with a Ph between 7.1-14 is considered to be a

A

Base

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50
Q

What is the Ph of a neutral substance

A

7

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51
Q

What is the first law of thermodynamics

A

Energy cannot be created not destroyed

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52
Q

What is the ability to do work

A

Energy

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53
Q

The energy associated with motion is called

A

Kinetic energy

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54
Q

Amount of energy required to start a reaction

A

Activation energy

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55
Q

Smallest unit of an element

A

Atom

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56
Q

What makes up a nucleotide

A

A sugar a phosphate and a base

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57
Q

Substance that consists of 4 fused rings plus a side chains of carbons(chemical messengers of the body)

A

Steroid

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58
Q

What is the hereditary material that living things consist of

A

Nucleic acids( dna and rna)

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59
Q

What are the monomers of DNA and RNA

A

Nucleotides

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60
Q

What sugar does RNA contain that is different from DNA

A

Ribose

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61
Q

What are the basic building blocks of a protein

A

Amino acids

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62
Q

Saturated fatty acids will be in what form at room temperature

A

Solid

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63
Q

Lipids will be in what form at room temperature

A

Liquid

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64
Q

What accounts for the strength of plant cells

A

Cellulose

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65
Q

Two sugars combine to form a disaccharide by what process

A

Dehydration synthesis

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66
Q

The basic unit of carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides

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67
Q

List two examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose and fructose

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68
Q

All organic compounds contain

A

Carbon

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69
Q

Prepares and packages proteins to be secreted by the cell

A

Golgi apparatus

70
Q

Place where ribosomes are made

A

Nucleolus

71
Q

Powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

72
Q

A group of similar cells that perform a similar function

A

Tissue

73
Q

A group of tissues that perform a specific function

A

Organ

74
Q

An organism that consists of a group of similar cells living together (ex mushroom)

A

Colonial organism

75
Q

Example of a prokaryotic cell

A

Bacteria

76
Q

Prokaryotes lack a proper

A

Nucleus

77
Q

Controls movement of substances into and out of the cell

A

Cell membrane

78
Q

What is the main function of the cell wall

A

Protect and support the cell

79
Q

Cilia and flagella aid in

A

Cellular movement

80
Q

Which organelle makes proteins

A

Ribosomes

81
Q

Which organelle is associated with digestion in the cell

A

Lysosomes

82
Q

What is the control center of the cell

A

Nucleus

83
Q

Cellular drinking

A

Pinocytosis

84
Q

Cellular eating

A

Phagocytosis

85
Q

No energy is required, down concentration gradient

A

Passive transport

86
Q

The cytoplasms long tubular extensions that are used in cellular movement

A

Flagella

87
Q

What does the cell theory state

A
  1. New cells come from the reproduction of existing cells
  2. The cell is the basic unit of all living things
  3. Cells perform the functions of all living things
88
Q

Cork cells were identified by who

A

Robert Hooke

89
Q

Man who described the nucleus as a special structure found in all cells

A

Robert brown

90
Q

Who discovered that all plants are made of cells

A

Matthias schleiden

91
Q

Type of passive transport that requires a helper protein

A

Facilitated diffusion

92
Q

Who said animals are made up of cells

A

Theodor Schwann

93
Q

What are the levels of cellular organization in correct order

A

Cell, tissue, organ, organ system

94
Q

Energy is required, moves against concentration gradient

A

Active transport

95
Q

Which solution has the same concentration inside and outside the cell

A

Isotonic

96
Q

Which solution has a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell

A

Hypotonic

97
Q

Solutes outside are higher concentration

A

Hypertonic

98
Q

Releasing of cellular contents

A

Exocytosis

99
Q

A group of organs performing a similar function

A

Organ system

100
Q

What are the compounds that serve as organic catalysts that speed up chemical reactions

A

Enzymes

101
Q

The net movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration of a substance to an area of lower concentration of a substance is called

A

Diffusion

102
Q

DNA produces copies of itself by a process called

A

Replication

103
Q

When water is added to split a molecule

A

Hydrolysis

104
Q

What are the nitrogenous bases of DNA and RNA

A

DNA- adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine

RNA- adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine

105
Q

What is an autotroph

A

Makes its own food

106
Q

What is a heterotroph

A

Requires food from other plants or animals for energy

107
Q

The smaller, usable unit is the energy found in

A

ATP

108
Q

ATP is a renewable

A

Energy

109
Q

Process by plants absorb light and convert it to chemical energy

A

Photosynthesis

110
Q

A green pigment that is the primary catalyst of photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyll

111
Q

Special light absorbing molecules

A

Pigments

112
Q

Where does photosynthesis take place

A

In the chloroplast

113
Q

What is the light-dependent phase and where does it take place

A

Calvin cycle, the stroma

114
Q

The breaking down of food substance into ATP

A

Cellular respiration

115
Q

Reactions that Requires oxygen

A

Aerobic reactions

116
Q

Reactions that don’t require oxygen

A

Anaerobic

117
Q

The breaking down of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid

A

Glycolysis

118
Q

How many ATPs are produced during cellular respiration

A

36 molecules

119
Q

What is fermentation

A

The breakdown of food without oxygen

120
Q

List 2 types of fermentation

A

Lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation

121
Q

A pyruvic acid molecule is changed to ethyl alcohol in what process

A

Alcoholic fermentation

122
Q

Pyruvic acid takes the hydrogen and electrons from NADH making lactic acid in what reaction

A

Lactic acid fermentation

123
Q

What are species characteristics

A

Things such as 4 legs, lungs, or 2 eyes

124
Q

What are individual characteristics

A

Things such as height, eye color, or skin color

125
Q

The study of heredity

A

Genetics

126
Q

What are the products of light reactions

A

NADPH ATP and oxygen

127
Q

A section of DNA that produces a particular polypeptide chain of amino acids that causes a particular trait is called a

A

Gene

128
Q

Long strands of DNA are called

A

Chromosomes

129
Q

A fuzzy tangled mass of DNA

A

Chromatin material

130
Q

Attachment point of two chromatids

A

Centromere

131
Q

What is a duplicated chromosome called

A

A sister chromatid

132
Q

A photographic inventory of chromosomes

A

Karyotype

133
Q

Homologous pairs of chromosomes. 46 for humans

A

Diploids

134
Q

Cells with only one set of chromosomes(sex cells) 23 for humans

A

Haploids

135
Q

How many chromosomes does a human body cell have

A

46 or 23 pairs

136
Q

The repeating cycle of events in the life of a cell is called the

A

Cell cycle

137
Q

The cell spends most of its time in

A

Interphase

138
Q

What are the 3 phases of interphase and list something about each one

A

G1(cell growth) S(DNA replication) G2(preparation for mitosis)

139
Q

The division of the nuclear material of the cell

A

Mitosis

140
Q

List the four phases of mitosis

A

Prophase metaphase anaphase telophase

141
Q

Division of the cytoplasm

A

Cytokinesis

142
Q

When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible

A

Prophase

143
Q

What forms in plant cell cytokinesis that divides the cell into two daughter cells

A

Cell plate

144
Q

Form of reproduction that only requires mitosis. Give an example

A

Asexual reproduction (fragmentation, budding)

145
Q

What are the three uses of mitosis

A

Growth, repair, and replacement of cells

146
Q

The reduction of a cells chromosome number from diploid to haploid by two consecutive cell divisions

A

Meiosis

147
Q

A pair of duplicated chromosomes paired together

A

Tetrad

148
Q

Where does a tetrad form

A

Mitosis 1

149
Q

The union of gametes

A

Fertilization

150
Q

What are gametes

A

Sex cells

151
Q

The union of haploid gametes to form a diploid zygote

A

Sexual reproduction

152
Q

To fertilize a flower with the pollen from another flower

A

Cross pollination

153
Q

Fertilizing a flower with its own pollen

A

Self pollination

154
Q

Who is the father of genetics

A

Gregor Mendel

155
Q

Always overshadows recessive represented by capital letters

A

Dominant trait

156
Q

Must be homologous to show through, always masked, represented by lowercase letters

A

Recessive traits

157
Q

The physical expression of an organisms genes

A

Phenotype

158
Q

What are the specific genes that an organism contains- it’s genetic makeup

A

Genotype

159
Q

What is the specific site on a chromosome where a particular gene is located

A

Locus

160
Q

An alternate form of a gene

A

An allele

161
Q

What is the condition where both alleles are the same

A

Homozygous

162
Q

What is the condition where both alleles are not the same

A

Heterozygous

163
Q

A diagram used to determine genetic crosses

A

Punnett square

164
Q

What is a chart that geneticists use to trace the presence or absence of a trait in a number of generations

A

Pedigree

165
Q

Involves mating an organism that has the dominant phenotype but an unknown genotype with another organism that has the homozygous recessive phenotype

A

Test cross

166
Q

Two alleles are both expressed, blending of traits

A

Incomplete dominance

167
Q

Two alleles for a gene are both expressed in a heterozygous offspring, no blending

A

Codominance

168
Q

One of several alleles at a given locus

A

Multiple alleles

169
Q

List the genotype for a person with blood type A, B, AB, and O

A

AA-AO, BB-BO, AB, and OO

170
Q

A person who is homozygous for the recessive trait has which blood type

A

Type O

Ooga Booga Tests (8 decks)

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