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Ooga Booga Tests > 3rd Nine Weeks Exam > Flashcards

3rd Nine Weeks Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Father of genetics

A

Gregor Mendel

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2
Q

Process of a plant fertilizing itself, pollination

A

Self-fertilization

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3
Q

Fertilizing a flower with pollen from another flower

A

Cross-fertilization

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4
Q

Both alleles of an organism are not the same

A

Heterozygous

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5
Q

Both alleles in an organism are the same

A

Homozygous

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6
Q

Trait that is expressed when factors for two opposing traits are present

A

Dominance

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7
Q

Trait that is hidden when two genes for opposing traits are present

A

Recessive

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8
Q

Diagram used to determine the probability of the offsprings phenotype and genotype

A

Punnett square

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9
Q

When two alleles are both expressed resulting in a blending

A

Incomplete dominance

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10
Q

Expression of both alleles in a heterozygous offspring

A

Codominance

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11
Q

Doesn’t exhibit the characteristic but has the gene for that trait

A

Carrier

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12
Q

The genetic makeup of an individual organism

A

Genotype

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13
Q

Physical characteristics

A

Phenotype

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14
Q

Several different alleles at a given locus ex. Blood types

A

Multiple alleles

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15
Q

Mating an organism that has the dominant phenotype but unknown genotype with another organism that has the homozygous recessive phenotype

A

Test cross

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16
Q

Chart used to find presence or absence of a trait in a number of generations

A

Pedigree

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17
Q

A cross between individuals that deals with only one set of alleles, short and tall pea plant

A

Monohybrid cross

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18
Q

Cross dealing with two traits

A

Dihybrid cross

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19
Q

Know the genotypes for blood types

A

AA Ao BB Bo oo AB

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20
Q

Person with 2 X chromosomes

A

Female

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21
Q

Has an x and a Y chromosome

A

Males

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22
Q

Sex cells

A

Gametes

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23
Q

Starting with one cell the final results of meiosis are __ __ cells

A

4, haploid

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24
Q

Cell division in which the chromosome number is reduced from diploid to haploid

A

Meiosis

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25
Q

Trait carried only on the x sex chromosome is

A

X/sex linked

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26
Q

Any chromosome other than the sex Chromosomes

A

Autosomes

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27
Q

Reproduction that Produces identical offspring

A

Asexual

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28
Q

A genetic change involving either the number of chromosomes or arrangement of genes on a chromosome

A

Chromosomal changes

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29
Q

Changing of the gene itself, alters the sequence of nucleotides

A

Gene mutations

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30
Q

Chromosome number is exact multiple of the haploid number

A

Euploidy

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31
Q

Having two or more sets of chromosomes

A

Polyploidy

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32
Q

Having 3 complete sets of chromosomes

A

Triploidy

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33
Q

Either lack chromosomes or have extra ones

A

Aneuploids

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34
Q

The failure of a pair of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis

A

Nondisjunction

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35
Q

Down syndrome is caused by a human __ condition

A

Aneuploid

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36
Q

2 nonhomologous chromosomes exchange genetic information

A

Translocation

37
Q

The complete loss of a segment of a chromosome

A

Deletion

38
Q

Segment breaks off and reattaches at the same position but in reverse order

A

Inversion

39
Q

When only one or a few nucleotides are changed

A

Point mutation

40
Q

Nucleotide is removed and replaced with a different nucleotide in the DNA sequence

A

Substitution

41
Q

An extra nucleotide is placed in the DNA sequence

A

Nucleotide addition

42
Q

A nucleotide is removed from the DNA sequence

A

Nucleotide deletion

43
Q

Moving of the whole codon chain

A

Frame shift

44
Q

Frame shift mutations are caused by __ or __

A

Addition, deletion

45
Q

Mutation least likely to cause severe problems

A

Substitution

46
Q

Anything that causes a mutation to occur

A

Mutagen

47
Q

A mutation that occurs in the body cells

A

Somatic mutation

48
Q

Mutation in the sex/gamete cells

A

Germ mutation

49
Q

Abnormal mass of cells made by abnormal cell division

A

Tumor

50
Q

Non-cancerous

A

Benign

51
Q

Cancerous

A

Malignant

52
Q

Spreading of cancer

A

Metastasize

53
Q

Any substance that increases the risk of cancer

A

Carcinogen

54
Q

A break in the cell cycle causing abnormal cell division

A

Cancer

55
Q

An overall perspective enabling a person to see and interpret the world

A

Worldview

56
Q

Components of a Christian worldview

A
  1. God made the world and placed humans at its center to glorify him
  2. The world has fallen into a broken condition because of sin
  3. God is working to redeem this world to himself
57
Q

Components of evolutionary theory

A
  1. Cosmological beginnings
  2. Biological evolution
  3. Philosophy of evolution
58
Q

Lamarck theory of evolution

A
  1. Theory of need
  2. Theory of use and disuse
  3. Inheritance of acquired characteristics
59
Q

Age of the earth from a biblical perspective

A

6000-7000 years old

60
Q

Age of the earth to an evolutionist

A

4.5-4.6 billion years old

61
Q

Published origin of species

A

Charles Darwin

62
Q

Survival of the fittest

A

Natural selection

63
Q

All living things descended from a single life form called what

A

A common ancestor

64
Q

Greek scientist and philosopher who attempted at a classification system

A

Aristotle

65
Q

Classification system based on observable characteristics

A

Artificial classification system

66
Q

Binomial nomenclature is a method of

A

Naming organisms

67
Q

Created binomial nomenclature

A

Carolus Linnaeus

68
Q

What language is used for Linnaeus’s classification system

A

Latin

69
Q

List the 3 domains

A
  1. Archae
  2. Bacteria
  3. Eukaria
70
Q

List the six kingdoms

A

Kingdom phylum class order family genus species

71
Q

Examples of organisms belonging to kingdom fungi

A

Mushrooms, molds

72
Q

Examples of animals in kingdom protista

A

Amoebas and paramecium

73
Q

Biological keys are used to ___ organisms

A

Identify

74
Q

Organisms described as extremophiles

A

Kingdom Archaebacteria

75
Q

Mold growing on bread is in what kingdom

A

Kingdom fungi

76
Q

Multicellular organisms that are eukaryotic and photosynthetic are in what kingdom

A

Plantae

77
Q

2 kingdoms of bacteria

A

Eubacteria and archaebacteria

78
Q

How are bacteria beneficial

A

Medicine food and digestion

79
Q

Person who studies microscopic organisms

A

Microbiologist

80
Q

The shapes of bacteria

A

Coccus, bacillus, and spirillum

81
Q

How are bacteria classified

A

Unicellular, prokaryotic organisms

82
Q

Complex of carbohydrates and proteins in the cell wall

A

Peptidoglycan

83
Q

How do bacteria reproduce

A

Binary fission

84
Q

Type of asexual reproduction bacteria use

A

Binary fission

85
Q

Transduction, transformation and conjugation

A

3 ways bacteria transfer genetic material to

86
Q

3 types of RNA

A

mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA

87
Q

DNA to mRNA is

A

Transcription

88
Q

mRNA to protein is

A

Translation

Ooga Booga Tests (8 decks)

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