Onello Breast Lecture Flashcards
1st tanner stage?
Preadolescent nipple is elevated with no underlying glandular tissue or increased pigmentation of the areola
(~11 yo)- glandular tissue in the subareaola is obvious. Nipple and breast are single mound off of the breast wall
what tanner stage?
2
(~12 yo) there is increase in the among of palpable glandular tissue with increased diameter and pigmentation of the areola breast and nipple in single plane.
what tanner stage?
3
(~13 yo) the areola further enlarges in a single plane, The nipple and areola form a separate mound above the level of the breast. what tanner stage?
4
(15 yo) there is a final development of a smooth contour with projection with nipple and areola.
what tanner stage?
5
A 13-yo-female presents to the clinic with her mother. You document her Tanner stage based on the following exam findings:
BREASTS: the nipple and breast are developed in a separate mound above the level of the breast
GENITALIA: curled pubic hair is present
what tanner stage?
4
Which of the following is NOT a technique that can encourage breastfeeding mothers to successfully breastfeed on demand?
A. Flexible, opportunistic sleep schedulesB. Co-sleepingC. “Baby-wearing”, wherein mother is carrying babyD. Non-maternal helpers to assist the breastfeeding motherE. Alternating use of formula feeds with breast feedingsF. Public acceptance of breastfeeding
E.
T or F: does it increase your risk of breast cancer if your paternal grandmother had breast cancer?
F. only on your maternal side of the family!
T or F: you are at higher risk of breast cancer if your menses started late
False. earlier = more exposure to estrogen
by what age do you need an annual mammogram?
50 yrs old
what is useful about a mammogram?
a mammogram can pick up a tumor at an earlier stage
You are seeing one of your partner’s female patients for her annual physical. She just had her 46th birthday, and she is upset that her “regular” doctor has been obtaining mammograms every 2 years since her 40th birthday. She tells you that “no one in my family has had breast cancer, anyway!” and that she just heard on the news that mammograms are not needed in women ages 40-50.
Of the choices below, which response would you choose:
A. Since she has had several mammograms that were definitely necessary, she is now at significant risk of X-ray induced cancer.
B. You inform her that most guideline recommendations for breast cancer screening can change over time as knowledge grows, and that routine screening mammogram is advised when she turns 60.
C. You inform her that most guideline recommendations for breast cancer screening are based on how doctors can make the most money from health insurers.
D. You inform her that often guideline recommendations for breast cancer screening can change over time as knowledge grows, and that routine screening mammogram is advised when she turns 50.
E. She should forgive her doctor, especially since the mammograms were normal, and she should feel lucky that no worrisome findings were noted.
D. You inform her that often guideline recommendations for breast cancer screening can change over time as knowledge grows, and that routine screening mammogram is advised when she turns 50.
____ (# fraction) who get breast cancer do not have clearly identifiable risk factors
3/4
what are the GAIL risk factor assessment?
Medical History of DCIS or LCIS Current age Age at menarche Age at first live birth Number of 10 relatives with breast cancer Previous breast biopsy +/- atypia Race/ethnicity
what is the average lifetime risk of developing breast cancer?
12.15%
