Oncology in general

Question 1

What does Cytotoxins target?

Answer 1

Fast-dividing cells

Question 2

Mab?

Answer 2

Monoclonal antibodies

Question 3

Zu?

Answer 3

Human + mouse

Question 4

u?

Answer 4

Human

Question 5

xi?

Answer 5

chimeric

Question 6

tu?

Answer 6

anti-tumor

Question 7

lim/l/li?

Answer 7

Acts on lymphocytes

Question 8

Which organs are affected in systemic tx (cytotoxins)?

Answer 8

Fastly replenishing organs:

• mucosa
• BM
• Blood
• Skin

Question 9

When would anemia show after chemo?

Answer 9

100 days

Question 10

When would neutropenia show after chemo?

Answer 10

7-10 days

Question 11

When would thrombocytopenia show after chemo?

Answer 11

2-3 weeks

Question 12

Most common causes of BONE metastasis?

Answer 12

LUNG
PROSTATE
BREAST

Question 13

When could we do liver transplant?

Answer 13

ONLY if primary tumor in liver, NOT possible in metastatic disease!

Question 14

Classical tx in colorectal ca?

Answer 14

FOLFOX

FOLFIRI

Question 15

What is FOLFOX?

Answer 15

Oxaliplatin + 5 FU + Leucovorine

Question 16

What is FOLFIRI?

Answer 16

Oxaliplatin + 5 FU + Irinotecan

Question 17

When do we use FOLFIRI?

Answer 17

If resistant to FOLFOX

Question 18

Which grades of side effects of a drug is ACCEPTED?

Answer 18

Grades 1 - 3 ( mild, moderate, severe)

Question 19

Cervical screening?

Answer 19

women from 25 years, every 3rd year

Question 20

Breast screening?

Answer 20

WOmen from 50 yearss

Question 21

Colorectal screening?

Answer 21

All from 50 year, every 10th year. FOBT every2nd year

Question 22

What is translational medicine?

Answer 22

Benchside + bedside + community –> promote enhancement in prevention, diagnosis and treatment

Question 23

In which animal is clinical trials done?

Answer 23

ONLY HUMANS!!!

Question 24

Phase 1 of clinical trials?

Answer 24

SAFETY and DOSE of new drug in small group of people

Question 25

Phase 2 of clinical trials?

Answer 25

Efficacy, how well does it work for given disease?

Question 26

Phase 3 of clinical trials?

Answer 26

Compare new and standard treatment, is it better?

Question 27

Phase 4 of clinical trials?

Answer 27

Report lon-term/ rare side effects

Question 28

How long time does progression from normal to cancer tissue take?

Answer 28

5-20 years

Question 29

What is tumor suppressor genes?

Answer 29

Loss of function mutation

Question 30

What is proto-oncogenes?

Answer 30

Gain of function mutations

Question 31

Indications for breast ca genetic tests?

Answer 31

BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in family | Early breast ca in family

Question 32

Management if BRCA1 and 2 mutations in family?

Answer 32

Preventive mastectomy and tamoxifen prophylaxis if breast cancer. Preventive ovariectomy and oral hormonal contraceptives if ovarian cancer

Question 33

Management if FAP and ACP mutation in family?

Answer 33

Preventive colectomy | Annual colonoscopy/sigmoidoscopy

Question 34

Explain stage I of cancer?

Answer 34

Limited to organ, negative lymph nodes. 90% survival

Question 35

Explain stage II of cancer?

Answer 35

Cancer invades organ and lymph nodes. 50% survival

Question 36

Stage III of cancer?

Answer 36

locoregional advanced cancer. 20% survival

Question 37

Stage IV of cancer?

Answer 37

Metastatic cancer. 5% survival