Oncology Flashcards
Which chemo drug that acts as an alkylating agent has side effects including haemorrhagic cystitis and myelosuppression?
Cyclophosphamide
The most common causes of lytic bone lesions are metastases and which type of cancer?
Myeloma
Name the 2 cancers that are the most likely cause of SVC obstruction.
- Non small cell lung cancer
2. Lymphoma
Alpha feto protein (AFP) is a tumour marker for hepatocellular carcinoma and which type of testicular cancer?
Teratoma
Non seminomatous germ cell cancer
Neutropenic sepsis involves a temperature of >38 and a neutrophil count of
<0.5
____________ 16mg/24hr PO should be given to patients with spinal cord compression or SVC syndrome.
Dexamethasone
What effect does Dexamethasone and other steriods have on blood glucose levels?
Raises blood glucose
Hyperglycaemia
Name 3 or more cancer types that commonly cause spinal cord compression.
- Prostate
- Breast
- Lung
- Melanoma
- Myeloma
Name 2 or more cancers that commonly cause brain metastases.
1, Lung
- Breast
- Colorectal
- Melanoma
Dexamethasone can be used for brain metastases and which other 2 oncological emergencies?
- SVC syndrome
2. Spinal cord compression
Which imaging technique should be ordered urgently in patients presenting with signs of spinal cord compression?
MRI
Name 2 or more paraneoplastic syndromes.
- Hypercalcaemia
- Lambert Eaton syndrome
- SIADH
- Cushing Syndrome
- Dermatomyositis/ polymyositis
- Neuropathy
- Acanthosis nigricans
- Pemphigus
Which malignancy is most commonly associated with Lambert Eaton syndrome?
Small cell lung cancer
In tumour lysis syndrome, what happens to serum phosphate, potassium and urate levels?
They increase
Hyperkalaemia
Hyperphosphataemia
Hyperuricaemia
In tumour lysis syndrome, what happens to serum calcium levels?
They decrease
Hypocalcaemia
Acanthosis nigricans is velvety hyperpigmented skin associated with which malignancy?
GI cancer
Between what ages are patients offered a home testing kit as part of the bowel cancer screening programme?
60-74 years
Every 2 years
CA 15.3 is a tumour marker used in monitoring which cancer?
Breast cancer
hCG is a tumour marker used in diagnosis and monitoring which cancer?
Germ cell (testicular)